Penhune V B, Zatorre R J, Feindel W H
Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Quebec, Canada.
Neuropsychologia. 1999 Mar;37(3):315-31. doi: 10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00075-x.
This experiment examined the participation of the auditory cortex of the temporal lobe in the perception and retention of rhythmic patterns. Four patient groups were tested on a paradigm contrasting reproduction of auditory and visual rhythms: those with right or left anterior temporal lobe removals which included Heschl's gyrus (HG), the region of primary auditory cortex (RT-A and LT-A); and patients with right or left anterior temporal lobe removals which did not include HG (RT-a and LT-a). Estimation of lesion extent in HG using an MRI-based probabilistic map indicated that, in the majority of subjects, the lesion was confined to the anterior secondary auditory cortex located on the anterior-lateral extent of HG. On the rhythm reproduction task, RT-A patients were impaired in retention of auditory but not visual rhythms, particularly when accurate reproduction of stimulus durations was required. In contrast, LT-A patients as well as both RT-a and LT-a patients were relatively unimpaired on this task. None of the patient groups was impaired in the ability to make an adequate motor response. Further, they were unimpaired when using a dichotomous response mode, indicating that they were able to adequately differentiate the stimulus durations and, when given an alternative method of encoding, to retain them. Taken together, these results point to a specific role for the right anterior secondary auditory cortex in the retention of a precise analogue representation of auditory tonal patterns.
本实验研究了颞叶听觉皮层在节奏模式感知和记忆中的参与情况。对四组患者进行了一项对比听觉和视觉节奏再现的范式测试：切除右侧或左侧包括赫氏回（HG）（初级听觉皮层区域）的前颞叶的患者（RT - A和LT - A）；以及切除右侧或左侧不包括HG的前颞叶的患者（RT - a和LT - a）。使用基于磁共振成像的概率图谱估计HG中的病变范围表明，在大多数受试者中，病变局限于位于HG前外侧范围的前次级听觉皮层。在节奏再现任务中，RT - A组患者在听觉节奏记忆方面受损，但视觉节奏记忆未受损，尤其是在需要精确再现刺激持续时间时。相比之下，LT - A组患者以及RT - a和LT - a组患者在该任务中相对未受损。没有一组患者在做出适当运动反应的能力上受损。此外，当使用二分反应模式时他们也未受损，这表明他们能够充分区分刺激持续时间，并且在给定另一种编码方法时能够记住它们。综上所述，这些结果表明右侧前次级听觉皮层在保留听觉音调模式的精确模拟表征方面具有特定作用。
