Watt K J, O'Carroll R E
Department of Clinical Psychology, St John's Hospital, West Lothian, Scotland, UK.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999 Apr;66(4):474-9. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.66.4.474.
The present study examines the utility of three measures of premorbid intellectual functioning in closed head injury, the National adult reading test (NART), the Cambridge contextual reading test (CCRT), and the spot the word test (STW).
In the first experiment, a group of 25 patients with closed head injury were compared with 50 healthy controls and 20 orthopaedic trauma controls. In the second experiment, the strength of correlation between the premorbid measures and current intellectual level were assessed in 114 healthy adults.
The head injured group performed significantly more poorly than both control groups on measures of current intellectual ability. However, no significant differences emerged between the groups on any of the premorbid measures. In the large control sample, both the NART and the CCRT accounted for about 50% of the variance in current verbal intelligence. However, by contrast, the STW only accounted for 29% of the variability in verbal intelligence. Adding demographic variables to the prediction of current intellectual level increased the amount of variance explained to 60% for the NART, 62% for the CCRT, but only 41% for the STW.
The results provide supportive evidence for the use of the CCRT and NART in estimating premorbid intellectual functioning in patients who have sustained closed head injuries, but suggest caution when employing the STW.
本研究考察了三种病前智力功能测量方法在闭合性颅脑损伤中的效用，即国家成人阅读测验（NART）、剑桥情境阅读测验（CCRT）和单词识别测验（STW）。
在第一个实验中，将一组25名闭合性颅脑损伤患者与50名健康对照者和20名骨科创伤对照者进行比较。在第二个实验中，评估了114名健康成年人病前测量方法与当前智力水平之间的相关强度。
在当前智力能力测量方面，颅脑损伤组的表现明显比两个对照组差。然而，在任何病前测量方法上，各组之间均未出现显著差异。在大型对照样本中，NART和CCRT均占当前言语智力方差的约50%。然而，相比之下，STW仅占言语智力变异性的29%。将人口统计学变量纳入当前智力水平的预测中，NART可解释的方差量增加到60%，CCRT为62%，但STW仅为41%。
研究结果为CCRT和NART用于估计闭合性颅脑损伤患者的病前智力功能提供了支持性证据，但在使用STW时需谨慎。
