Bower J H, Maraganore D M, McDonnell S K, Rocca W A
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Neurology. 1999 Apr 12;52(6):1214-20. doi: 10.1212/wnl.52.6.1214.
Limited information is available on the frequency and distribution of parkinsonism as a syndrome. We studied the incidence of parkinsonism and its specific types among residents of Olmsted County, MN, for the period from 1976 through 1990.
We used the medical records linkage-system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify all individuals whose records contained documentation of any form of parkinsonism, related neurodegenerative diseases, or tremor of any type. A nurse abstractor screened the records, and, when applicable, a neurologist reviewed them to determine the presence of parkinsonism using specified diagnostic criteria and to define the year of onset.
We found 364 incident cases of parkinsonism: 154 with PD (42%), 72 with drug-induced parkinsonism (20%), 61 unspecified (17%), 51 with parkinsonism in dementia (14%), and 26 with other causes (7%). The average annual incidence rate of parkinsonism (per 100,000 person-years) in the age group 50 to 99 years was 114.7; incidence increased steeply with age from 0.8 in the age group 0 to 29 years to 304.8 in the age group 80 to 99 years. The cumulative incidence of parkinsonism assuming no competing causes of death was 7.5% to age 90 years. PD was the most common type of parkinsonism, followed by parkinsonism in dementia in men and drug-induced parkinsonism in women. Men had higher incidence than women at all ages for all types of parkinsonism except drug-induced.
Parkinsonism is a common disease among the elderly; its incidence increases steeply with advancing age and is consistently higher in men. The distribution by type changes with age and gender.
关于帕金森综合征作为一种综合征的发病率和分布情况，现有信息有限。我们研究了1976年至1990年期间明尼苏达州奥尔姆斯特德县居民中帕金森综合征及其特定类型的发病率。
我们利用罗切斯特流行病学项目的医疗记录链接系统，识别所有其记录中包含任何形式帕金森综合征、相关神经退行性疾病或任何类型震颤记录的个体。一名护士摘要员筛查这些记录，如有需要，神经科医生会对其进行审查，以使用特定诊断标准确定帕金森综合征的存在并确定发病年份。
我们发现364例帕金森综合征新发病例：154例为帕金森病（42%），72例为药物性帕金森综合征（20%），61例未明确类型（17%），51例为痴呆伴帕金森综合征（14%），26例为其他原因（7%）。50至99岁年龄组帕金森综合征的平均年发病率（每10万人年）为114.7；发病率随年龄急剧上升，从0至29岁年龄组的0.8上升至80至99岁年龄组的304.8。假设无竞争性死亡原因，帕金森综合征至90岁的累积发病率为7.5%。帕金森病是最常见的帕金森综合征类型，其次是男性的痴呆伴帕金森综合征和女性的药物性帕金森综合征。除药物性帕金森综合征外，所有类型的帕金森综合征在各年龄段男性的发病率均高于女性。
帕金森综合征在老年人中是一种常见疾病；其发病率随年龄增长急剧上升，且男性发病率始终较高。按类型的分布随年龄和性别而变化。
