Galler J R, Harrison R H, Biggs M A, Ramsey F, Forde V
Center for Behavioral Development and Mental Retardation, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1999 Apr;20(2):80-7. doi: 10.1097/00004703-199904000-00002.
This study was designed to identify psychosocial variables affecting early infant feeding practices in Barbados. The sample included 93 healthy women and infants born at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital who were extensively evaluated 7 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after birth. Maternal moods were assessed with the Zung Depression and Anxiety Scales and the General Adjustment and Morale Scale. Feeding practices were evaluated using a questionnaire developed for this population. The prevalence of mild depression in this population was 16% at 7 weeks and increased to 19% at 6 months, whereas there were very few cases of moderate-to-severe depression. Disadvantaged environmental conditions, including less information-seeking by the mother, lower family income, and poor maternal health, were closely associated with increased symptoms of depression and anxiety in all women. However, significant predictive relationships between mood and feeding practices remained even when the effects of the home environment were controlled. Specifically, depressive symptoms at 7 weeks postpartum predicted a reduced preference for breastfeeding at current and later infant ages. Conversely, feeding practices did not predict maternal moods at later ages. These findings have important implications for public policy dealing with programs promoting breastfeeding. Early interventions designed to treat mild postnatal depression should be instituted early in the postpartum period to improve the chances for successful breastfeeding.
本研究旨在确定影响巴巴多斯早期婴儿喂养方式的社会心理变量。样本包括93名在伊丽莎白女王医院出生的健康女性及其婴儿，他们在出生后7周、3个月和6个月时接受了全面评估。使用zung抑郁和焦虑量表以及一般适应和士气量表评估母亲的情绪。使用针对该人群编制的问卷对喂养方式进行评估。该人群中轻度抑郁的患病率在7周时为16%，在6个月时升至19%，而中度至重度抑郁的病例很少。不利的环境条件，包括母亲较少寻求信息、家庭收入较低以及母亲健康状况较差，与所有女性抑郁和焦虑症状的增加密切相关。然而，即使控制了家庭环境的影响，情绪与喂养方式之间仍存在显著的预测关系。具体而言，产后7周的抑郁症状预示着当前和以后婴儿期对母乳喂养的偏好降低。相反，喂养方式并不能预测后期母亲的情绪。这些发现对涉及促进母乳喂养项目的公共政策具有重要意义。应在产后早期开展旨在治疗轻度产后抑郁的早期干预措施，以提高成功母乳喂养的几率。
