Biessels G J, Cristino N A, Rutten G J, Hamers F P, Erkelens D W, Gispen W H
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Rudolf Magnus Institute for Neurosciences, Utrecht University, and University Hospital, The Netherlands.
Brain. 1999 Apr;122 ( Pt 4):757-68. doi: 10.1093/brain/122.4.757.
Diabetes mellitus can affect both the peripheral and the central nervous system. However, central deficits are documented less well than peripheral deficits. We therefore compared the course of development of neurophysiological changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Sciatic nerve conduction velocities and auditory and visual evoked potentials were measured prior to diabetes induction, and then monthly after diabetes induction for 6 months. In addition, the effect of insulin treatment was examined. Treatment was initiated after a diabetes duration of 6 months and was continued for 3 months. During treatment, evoked potentials and nerve conduction were measured monthly. In a third experiment, conduction velocities in ascending and descending pathways of the spinal cord were examined after 3 and 6 months of diabetes. Impairments of sciatic nerve conduction velocities developed fully during the first 2-3 months of diabetes. In contrast, increased latencies of auditory and visual evoked potentials developed only after 3-4 months of diabetes, and progressed gradually thereafter. Insulin treatment, initiated 6 months after induction of diabetes, improved both nerve conduction velocities and evoked potential latencies. Conduction velocities in the spinal cord tended to be reduced after 3 months of diabetes and were significantly reduced after 6 months of diabetes. The present study demonstrates that in streptozotocin-diabetic rats the course of development of peripheral and central neurophysiological changes differs. Peripheral impairments develop within weeks after diabetes induction, whereas central impairments take months to develop. Insulin can reverse both peripheral and central neurophysiological alterations.
糖尿病可影响外周神经系统和中枢神经系统。然而，中枢神经系统功能缺损的记录不如外周神经系统功能缺损完善。因此，我们比较了链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中枢神经系统和外周神经系统神经生理变化的发展过程。在诱导糖尿病之前测量坐骨神经传导速度以及听觉和视觉诱发电位，然后在诱导糖尿病后每月测量一次，持续6个月。此外，还研究了胰岛素治疗的效果。在糖尿病病程达6个月后开始治疗，并持续3个月。治疗期间，每月测量诱发电位和神经传导。在第三个实验中，在糖尿病3个月和6个月后检查脊髓上行和下行通路的传导速度。坐骨神经传导速度的损害在糖尿病的前2 - 3个月内完全出现。相比之下，听觉和视觉诱发电位潜伏期延长仅在糖尿病3 - 4个月后出现，并在之后逐渐进展。在糖尿病诱导6个月后开始的胰岛素治疗改善了神经传导速度和诱发电位潜伏期。糖尿病3个月后脊髓传导速度趋于降低，糖尿病6个月后显著降低。本研究表明，在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠中，外周和中枢神经生理变化的发展过程不同。外周功能缺损在糖尿病诱导后数周内出现，而中枢功能缺损则需要数月时间才会出现。胰岛素可逆转外周和中枢神经生理改变。
