Tung H T, Tsukuma H, Tanaka H, Kinoshita N, Koyama Y, Ajiki W, Oshima A, Koyama H
Department of Cancer Control and Statistics, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Japan.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1999 Mar;29(3):137-46. doi: 10.1093/jjco/29.3.137.
Breast cancer incidence has increased rapidly in Japan recently, but there have been only a few studies on the risk factors for breast cancer in Japan. A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the roles of anthropometric and reproductive factors in the etiology of breast cancer in Osaka.
Based on information from a self-administered questionnaire at Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, body mass index, body weight and height were compared between 376 cases and 430 controls, together with other factors such as age at menarche, age at first delivery and family history of breast cancer by menopausal status. Logistic regression analysis was employed for adjusting confounding factors and estimating odds ratios with their 95% confidence interval for breast cancer.
A body mass index of >25 was significantly associated with the risk among post-menopausal women (age-adjusted odds ratio: 1.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.10-3.24) as compared with the risk for a body mass index of < or = 20. A weight of > or =58 kg showed significantly increased risk compared with a weight of < or = 47 kg among post-menopausal women (1.83, 1.10-3.01), while height of > or = 159 cm showed a significantly elevated risk than height of < or = 149 cm among pre-menopausal women (2.51, 1.17-5.39). Age at menarche of < or = 13 years resulted in a higher risk of breast cancer among post-menopausal women, while age at first delivery of > or = 28 years was associated with the risk among pre-menopausal women. Family history of breast cancer was associated with the risk for breast cancer.
These results were all very consistent with findings observed in western countries.
近年来日本乳腺癌发病率迅速上升，但针对日本乳腺癌危险因素的研究较少。我们开展了一项病例对照研究，以评估人体测量学和生殖因素在大阪地区乳腺癌病因中的作用。
根据大阪癌症与心血管疾病医疗中心的一份自填式问卷信息，比较了376例病例和430例对照的体重指数、体重和身高，以及初潮年龄、首次分娩年龄和绝经状态下的乳腺癌家族史等其他因素。采用逻辑回归分析来调整混杂因素，并估计乳腺癌的优势比及其95%置信区间。
与体重指数≤20相比，体重指数>25与绝经后女性患癌风险显著相关（年龄调整优势比：1.90，95%置信区间：1.10 - 3.24）。与体重≤47 kg相比，体重≥58 kg的绝经后女性患癌风险显著增加（1.83，1.10 - 3.01），而身高≥159 cm的绝经前女性患癌风险比身高≤149 cm的女性显著升高（2.51，1.17 - 5.39）。初潮年龄≤13岁会使绝经后女性患乳腺癌的风险更高，而首次分娩年龄≥28岁与绝经前女性的患癌风险相关。乳腺癌家族史与患癌风险相关。
这些结果与西方国家的观察结果非常一致。
