Fielding J R, Silverman S G, Rubin G D
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999 May;172(5):1199-206. doi: 10.2214/ajr.172.5.10227489.
The advent of helical CT has changed the practice of uroradiology and has significantly benefited patients. Painful, obstructing ureteral stones can be diagnosed with certainty in less than 1 min without contrast medium. Radiologists can now thoroughly evaluate and characterize small renal masses without fear of skip areas caused by respiratory misregistration. Radiologic evaluation of living potential renal donors, formerly a two- or three-stage procedure, can now be performed in a single visit. Finally, three-dimensional reconstructions allow use of the same data both to diagnose tumors and to plan their resection. Axial or three-dimensional images generated using helical CT will likely be increasingly important in detecting and staging cancer, determining stone composition and appropriate therapy, and evaluating renal artery stenosis.
螺旋CT的出现改变了泌尿放射学的实践，并给患者带来了显著益处。无需使用造影剂，就能在不到1分钟的时间内准确诊断出引起疼痛和梗阻的输尿管结石。放射科医生现在可以全面评估和鉴别小的肾肿块，而不必担心因呼吸配准错误导致的遗漏区域。对活体潜在肾供体的放射学评估，以前需要分两到三个阶段进行，现在一次就诊就可以完成。最后，三维重建使得同样的数据既能用于诊断肿瘤，又能用于规划肿瘤切除手术。使用螺旋CT生成的轴向或三维图像，在癌症的检测和分期、确定结石成分及合适的治疗方法以及评估肾动脉狭窄方面可能会变得越来越重要。
