Noel J S, Fankhauser R L, Ando T, Monroe S S, Glass R I
Viral Gastroenteritis Section, Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Infect Dis. 1999 Jun;179(6):1334-44. doi: 10.1086/314783.
"Norwalk-like viruses" (NLVs) are the most common cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis. During molecular surveillance of NLV strains from 152 outbreaks of gastroenteritis that occurred in the US between August 1993 and July 1997, we identified an NLV strain that predominated during the 1995-1996 season. The "95/96-US" strain caused 60 outbreaks in geographically distant locations within the US and was identified, by sequence comparisons, in an additional 7 countries on 5 continents during the same period. This is the first demonstration linking a single NLV strain globally and suggests that the circulation of these strains might involve patterns of transmission not previously considered. The diagnostic techniques are now available to establish a global network for surveillance of NLV strains that would highlight the importance of NLVs worldwide and allow molecular identification of common strains having a global distribution so as to consider interventions for their control.
“诺如病毒”（NLVs）是非细菌性肠胃炎暴发的最常见病因。在对1993年8月至1997年7月间美国发生的152起肠胃炎暴发中的NLV毒株进行分子监测时，我们鉴定出一种在1995 - 1996年季节占主导地位的NLV毒株。“95/96 - US”毒株在美国地理上相距遥远的地区引发了60起暴发，并且通过序列比较，同期在五大洲的另外7个国家也被鉴定出来。这是首次在全球范围内将单一NLV毒株联系起来的证明，表明这些毒株的传播模式可能涉及以前未考虑到的传播方式。现在已有诊断技术可用于建立一个全球NLV毒株监测网络，这将凸显NLVs在全球的重要性，并允许对具有全球分布的常见毒株进行分子鉴定，以便考虑对其进行控制的干预措施。
