Errea J M, Ara J R
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Comarcal de Barbastro, Huesca, España.
Rev Neurol. 1999;28(5):439-43.
Frequency estimation of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) has often been the source of controversy owing to variations in the case selection methods and diagnosis criteria used. We examined the frequency of dementia and differences found in some clinical features between PD patients with or without cognitive impairment, to determine the risk factors for incident dementia in PD patients.
A diagnosis of PD was taken according to the United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank criteria. Subjects were considered as affected from cognitive impairment if Minimental State Examination score was below to 21.
Cognitive impairment was present in 36% of PD patients. The mean age was higher in PD patients with cognitive impairment (76 vs 69 years old, respectively; p < 0.001). The age onset of PD was higher in patients with cognitive impairment (68 vs 63 years old, respectively; p < 0.01). The rate of PD patients with low educational level were higher in patients with cognitive impairment (59 vs 30%, respectively; p < 0.01). Patients with cognitive impairment had higher rating scale score (p < 0.001).
Cognitive impairment was present in 36% of examined PD patients, based in our operative diagnostic criteria. The cognitive status decrease continuously with age. It's also evidence an inverse relation between educational level and rating scale score with cognitive impairment.
帕金森病（PD）中痴呆的频率估计一直存在争议，原因在于所采用的病例选择方法和诊断标准存在差异。我们研究了痴呆的频率以及有或无认知障碍的PD患者在一些临床特征上的差异，以确定PD患者发生痴呆的危险因素。
根据英国帕金森病协会脑库标准进行PD诊断。如果简易精神状态检查表得分低于21分，则受试者被视为患有认知障碍。
36%的PD患者存在认知障碍。有认知障碍的PD患者平均年龄更高（分别为76岁和69岁；p<0.001）。有认知障碍的患者PD发病年龄更高（分别为68岁和63岁；p<0.01）。有认知障碍的患者中低教育水平的PD患者比例更高（分别为59%和30%；p<0.01）。有认知障碍的患者评分量表得分更高（p<0.001）。
根据我们的操作性诊断标准，36%的受检PD患者存在认知障碍。认知状态随年龄持续下降。这也证明了教育水平和评分量表得分与认知障碍之间存在反比关系。
