de Sanctis S, Sclafani F
Quad Criminol Clin. 1976 Jan-Mar;18(1):31-69.
On April 19th, 1969 the People's Poland Parliament adopted a new penal legislation consisting of a Penal Code, a Code of Criminal Procedure and an executory Penal Code, which all came into force January 1st, 1970. The distinctive peculiarity of the above mentioned Codes, as the Authors have pointed out, is that they conform to the recent political, social and economic democratization of Poland and to the structure and dynamics of delinquency in this country. In examining the measures concerning educational rehabilitation provided for by the penal law in question, the Authors have started discussing questions like restriction on personal freedom, conditional suspension of criminal procedings, supervision of the convict who has been given the benefice of conditional suspension of the execution of sentence or of conditional release and supervision of the recidivist as well as points related to warranty and postjail care. Though these measures show some similarity to those provided for by bourgeois penal legislations, they result from a quite anthithetic ideology according to which punishment has to perform a double function of defence of working-class achievements as well as of an effective rehabilitation of the convict. A detailed analysis of the theoretical premises and of the actual carrying out of these measures shows, the Authors say, that though they represent only a further stage in the development of socio-juridical progress, they are put in conformity with the criminal policy's trends and the politico-ideological contents of a socialist government. They testify therefore an actual effort to make social rehabilitation of the convict possible in that they prevent the exertion of all negative psycho-pathogenic influences of jail environment on the convict, especially in case of slight crimes. The ultimate importance of these measures is that they can be considered an articulate attempt to promote actual social rehabilitation of the convict and therefore they are a real contribution in the resolution of delinquency which is viewed in Poland, where a process of socio-political trnasformation has been recently taking place, as part of the heritage from the past bourgeois government.
1969年4月19日，波兰人民共和国议会通过了一部新的刑事立法，包括一部刑法典、一部刑事诉讼法典和一部执行刑法典，这些法典均于1970年1月1日生效。正如作者所指出的，上述法典的独特之处在于它们符合波兰近期的政治、社会和经济民主化以及该国犯罪的结构和动态。在研究上述刑法中规定的教育改造措施时，作者们开始讨论诸如人身自由限制、刑事诉讼的有条件中止、对已获得缓刑或有条件释放的罪犯的监督以及对累犯的监督等问题，以及与担保和出狱后照顾相关的问题。尽管这些措施与资产阶级刑事立法规定的措施有一些相似之处，但它们源于一种截然不同的意识形态，根据这种意识形态，惩罚必须发挥双重作用，既要捍卫工人阶级的成就，又要有效地改造罪犯。作者们说，对这些措施的理论前提和实际执行情况进行详细分析表明，尽管它们只是社会司法进步发展的一个新阶段，但它们符合社会主义政府的刑事政策趋势和政治意识形态内容。因此，它们证明了为使罪犯能够实现社会改造而做出的实际努力，因为它们防止了监狱环境对罪犯产生所有负面的心理致病影响，特别是在轻微犯罪的情况下。这些措施的最终重要性在于，它们可以被视为促进罪犯实际社会改造的明确尝试，因此它们是对解决犯罪问题的真正贡献，在波兰，最近正在进行社会政治转型，犯罪问题被视为过去资产阶级政府遗留问题的一部分。
