Perlman A L, Palmer P M, McCulloch T M, Vandaele D J
Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1999 May;86(5):1663-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.5.1663.
The durations and temporal relationships of electromyographic activity from the submental complex, superior pharyngeal constrictor, cricopharyngeus, thyroarytenoid, and interarytenoid muscles were examined during swallowing of saliva and of 5- and 10-ml water boluses. Bipolar, hooked-wire electrodes were inserted into all muscles except for the submental complex, which was studied with bipolar surface electrodes. Eight healthy, normal, subjects produced five swallows of each of three bolus volumes for a total of 120 swallows. The total duration of electromyographic activity during the pharyngeal stage of the swallow did not alter with bolus condition; however, specific muscles did show a volume-dependent change in electromyograph duration and time of firing. Submental muscle activity was longest for saliva swallows. The interarytenoid muscle showed a significant difference in duration between the saliva and 10-ml water bolus. Finally, the interval between the onset of laryngeal muscle activity (thyroarytenoid, interarytenoid) and of pharyngeal muscle firing patterns (superior pharyngeal constrictor onset, cricopharyngeus offset) decreased as bolus volume increased. The pattern of muscle activity associated with the swallow showed a high level of intrasubject agreement; the presence of somewhat different patterns among subjects indicated a degree of population variance.
在吞咽唾液以及5毫升和10毫升水团时，对颏下肌群、咽上缩肌、环咽肌、甲杓肌和杓间肌的肌电图活动持续时间及时间关系进行了检查。除颏下肌群使用双极表面电极进行研究外，将双极钩状线电极插入所有肌肉。八名健康的正常受试者对三种不同体积的水团各进行五次吞咽，共吞咽120次。吞咽咽期的肌电图活动总持续时间不会因水团情况而改变；然而，特定肌肉的肌电图持续时间和放电时间确实呈现出与体积相关的变化。颏下肌活动在吞咽唾液时持续时间最长。杓间肌在吞咽唾液和10毫升水团时的持续时间存在显著差异。最后，随着水团体积增加，喉肌活动（甲杓肌、杓间肌）开始与咽肌放电模式（咽上缩肌开始、环咽肌结束）之间的间隔缩短。与吞咽相关的肌肉活动模式在受试者内部具有高度一致性；受试者之间存在一些不同模式，表明存在一定程度的个体差异。
