Barker W H
Home Health Care Serv Q. 1984;5(3-4):67-88.
This paper delineates a model of health services for the elderly in industrialized societies and examines innovative developments in these services in recent years in Edinburgh. Scotland and Rochester, NY. Emphasis of innovations in the former has been upon early intervention in health problems of the frail elderly in the home and avoidance of hospitalization ("preventive geriatrics"). The focus in the latter has been largely upon improving efficiency and appropriateness of placement of elderly persons who require long term care. These experiences reflect the distinctive organization and financing of health services in the UK and the US as well as the exemplary efforts of professional leaders in identifying and addressing unmet needs of frail elderly persons in the respective communities studied. Opportunities for each society to benefit from the other's experience are discussed.
本文阐述了工业化社会中老年人健康服务的模式，并考察了近年来在爱丁堡、苏格兰以及纽约州罗切斯特市这些服务领域的创新发展。前者创新的重点在于对居家体弱老年人的健康问题进行早期干预并避免住院治疗（“预防性老年医学”）。后者的重点主要在于提高需要长期护理的老年人安置的效率和适宜性。这些经验反映了英国和美国独特的卫生服务组织和融资方式，以及专业领导者在各自研究社区识别和解决体弱老年人未满足需求方面所做出的模范努力。文中还讨论了每个社会从对方经验中获益的机会。
