Waller P R, Crow C, Sands D, Becker H
Am J Health Promot. 1988 Summer;3(1):17-23, 32. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-3.1.17.
Demographic, attitudinal, and behavioral differences between health fair attenders and a community comparison group were examined along with predictions of health promoting behaviors from demographic and attitudinal variables. Differences between questionnaire responses of 155 health fair attenders and 71 grocery shoppers indicated attenders perceived themselves having better current health and greater internal control of their health, and reported more behaviors indicating health responsibility, exercise, and nutrition than the comparison group. Psychological variables--particularly perceptions of greater self-efficacy and better health status--were the best predictors of attenders' health promoting behaviors; demographic variables were less important. On the other hand, demographic variables were most predictive of comparison group health promoting behaviors with psychological variables playing a lesser role. Further studies of relationships between the variables examined here and experimental studies of the effects of health fair attendance on health knowledge and performance of health promoting behaviors are needed. Assuming health fairs are effective in educating attenders, it was concluded that health fair planners should: 1) encourage nonattenders to become attenders and attenders to be repeat attenders, 2) carefully promote and advertise health fairs, and 3) hold health fairs in locations easily accessible to large numbers of people.
研究了健康博览会参与者与社区对照组在人口统计学、态度和行为方面的差异，以及根据人口统计学和态度变量对健康促进行为的预测。对155名健康博览会参与者和71名杂货店购物者的问卷回复差异表明，参与者认为自己当前的健康状况更好，对自身健康的内部控制更强，并且报告的表明健康责任、锻炼和营养的行为比对照组更多。心理变量——尤其是更高的自我效能感和更好的健康状况认知——是参与者健康促进行为的最佳预测因素；人口统计学变量的重要性较低。另一方面，人口统计学变量对对照组健康促进行为的预测性最强，而心理变量的作用较小。需要进一步研究此处所考察变量之间的关系，以及关于参加健康博览会对健康知识和健康促进行为表现影响的实验研究。假设健康博览会在教育参与者方面是有效的，得出的结论是健康博览会规划者应该：1）鼓励非参与者成为参与者，并鼓励参与者再次参加；2）认真宣传和推广健康博览会；3）在大量人群易于到达的地点举办健康博览会。
