Murt H, Parsons P E, Harlan W R, Thomas J W, Lepkowski J M, Guire K E, Berki S, Landis J R
Natl Med Care Util Expend Surv C. 1986 Sep(5):1-64.
In this report, data from the 1980 National Medical Care Utilization and Expenditure Survey are used to present health characteristics, types and quantities of services used, and the charges for these services for persons with musculoskeletal diseases. Slightly more than 44 million people, or 19.8 percent of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population, were reported in the survey to have at least one musculoskeletal disorder. These data are generally consistent with those from other health surveys, which show that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders increases for successive age categories, that such disorders are more common among women than among men, and that they are less prevalent among black persons than among persons of other races. In terms of both functional limitation and perceived health status, persons with musculoskeletal conditions are, with some notable exceptions, in relatively poor health. Persons having back problems in addition to problems with peripheral joints (such as the knee, hip, or shoulder) were more likely to rate their health as "fair" or "poor" compared with persons having only back problems or compared with persons in the civilian noninstitutionalized population as a whole. Musculoskeletal disorders accounted for a considerable proportion of all disability days reported by the total civilian noninstitutionalized population: 13 percent of restricted-activity days, 8.8 percent of bed-disability days, and 11.2 percent of all work-loss days were directly attributable to musculoskeletal conditions. The disabling effects of musculoskeletal problems pose a significant economic burden; they accounted for a total of $3.9 billion in lost productivity costs during 1980 for employed persons in the work force and for homemakers. For persons with musculoskeletal problems, the mean number of ambulatory visits per year was nearly twice the rate of 5.2 for the general civilian noninstitutionalized population. Of ambulatory visits made to all health care providers by persons with these conditions, 35.6 percent were related in some way to the treatment of their musculoskeletal problems. Musculoskeletal conditions are somewhat different from many other illnesses because their treatment is within the professional domain of several types of health care providers. Approximately 13 percent of persons with any type of musculoskeletal disorder received care from chiropractors during the year and this figure rose to nearly 30 percent for back problems only. However, nearly 33 percent of persons with musculoskeletal problems made no visits for treatment of their condition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在本报告中，1980年全国医疗保健利用与支出调查的数据被用于呈现肌肉骨骼疾病患者的健康特征、所使用服务的类型和数量，以及这些服务的费用。该调查显示，略超过4400万人，即美国非机构化平民人口的19.8%，患有至少一种肌肉骨骼疾病。这些数据总体上与其他健康调查的数据一致，其他调查表明，肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率在连续的年龄组中呈上升趋势，女性比男性更常见，黑人比其他种族的人患病率更低。就功能受限和自我感知的健康状况而言，除了一些明显的例外，患有肌肉骨骼疾病的人的健康状况相对较差。与仅患有背部问题的人或与整个非机构化平民人口相比，除了外周关节（如膝盖、臀部或肩部）问题外还患有背部问题的人更有可能将自己的健康状况评为“一般”或“较差”。肌肉骨骼疾病在非机构化平民人口报告的所有残疾天数中占相当大的比例：13%的受限活动天数、8.8%的卧床残疾天数以及11.2%的所有误工天数直接归因于肌肉骨骼疾病。肌肉骨骼问题的致残影响带来了重大的经济负担；1980年，在职人员和家庭主妇因生产力损失成本总计达39亿美元。对于患有肌肉骨骼问题的人来说，每年门诊就诊的平均次数几乎是普通非机构化平民人口5.2次就诊率的两倍。在这些患者前往所有医疗服务提供者处进行的门诊就诊中，35.6%在某种程度上与他们肌肉骨骼问题的治疗有关。肌肉骨骼疾病与许多其他疾病有些不同，因为其治疗属于几种类型的医疗服务提供者的专业领域。在这一年中，约13%患有任何类型肌肉骨骼疾病的人接受了脊椎按摩师的治疗，仅背部问题患者这一比例就升至近30%。然而，近33%患有肌肉骨骼问题的人没有就其病情进行就诊治疗。（摘要截选至400字）
