Kuwert E K, Marcus I, Werner J, Scheiermann N, Höher P G, Thraenhart O, Hierholzer E, Wiktor T J, Koprowski H
Dev Biol Stand. 1976;37:273-86.
880 individuals, 120 of which were exposed to rabid animals, were immunized pre- or post-exposure with 2 different BPL-inactivated and concentrated rabies vaccines prepared in HDC strains WI-38 and MRC-5. The vaccines were well tolerated and no major side effects were observed after primary immunization with 3-10 doses or 1 booster vaccination. The dynamics of neutralizing, antibody formation and persistence of antibodies in 4 different groups of vaccinees are described. The groups were vaccinated pre-exposure (I) on days 0, 28 and 56; (II) on days 0, 7 and 14; (III) on days 0, 3, 7 and 21; and (IV) post-exposure on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90. High antibody levels--persisting for at least 30 months--were obtained in all patients. The CFT, using a concentrated and purified virion antigen, was highly specific for rabies virus antibody demonstration. Since in some 50 patients under severe risk, after having been bitten and/or scratched by proven rabid animals, not a single breakthough of immunity was observed during an observation time between 1/2 and 3 years, the protective effect of the HDCS-rabies vaccines seems to be excellent. With regard to their high immunogenicity and extremely low reactogenicity, the new HDCS-vaccines can be recommended for prophylactic and post-exposure immunization of man without any reserve. Data on simultaneous application of homologous anti-rabies gammaglobulin from man (20 I.E./kg body-weight) and HDCS-vaccines are also presented and discussed.
880名个体,其中120名接触过狂犬病动物,在接触前或接触后用两种不同的由人双倍体细胞株WI-38和MRC-5制备的BPL灭活浓缩狂犬病疫苗进行免疫。疫苗耐受性良好,在进行3 - 10剂初次免疫或1剂加强免疫后未观察到重大副作用。描述了4组不同疫苗接种者中和抗体形成及抗体持久性的动态变化。这些组在接触前接种(I组):第0、28和56天;(II组)第0、7和14天;(III组)第0、3、7和21天;(IV组)接触后第0、3、7、14、30和90天。所有患者均获得了至少持续30个月的高抗体水平。使用浓缩纯化病毒粒子抗原的补体结合试验(CFT)对狂犬病病毒抗体的检测具有高度特异性。由于在约50名面临严重风险且被经证实的狂犬病动物咬伤和/或抓伤的患者中,在1.5至3年的观察期内未观察到一例免疫突破,人双倍体细胞狂犬病疫苗的保护效果似乎极佳。鉴于其高免疫原性和极低的反应原性,新的人双倍体细胞疫苗可毫无保留地推荐用于人类的预防性和接触后免疫。还介绍并讨论了同时应用人源同源抗狂犬病丙种球蛋白(20国际单位/千克体重)和人双倍体细胞疫苗的数据。