Nicolas S
Université René Descartes, Paris, France.
Memory. 1998 Nov;6(6):643-63. doi: 10.1080/741943374.
This study explores implicit memory within the domain of text processing. Three experiments were designed to study priming in word-fragment completion, word-stem completion, and free association tests following presentation of target words in the context of a coherent text. In order to examine the time course of perceptual and conceptual processes we investigated the priming effects by manipulating the perceptual context in which the target words had been read and the time given to the subjects for each test-cue. Three main results emerged. First, we found a significant priming effect in the three implicit tests for words previously studied in a text. Second, the magnitude of the priming effect only varied when the task demands required perceptual and conceptual processing, as was the case with the completion tests. Third, priming effects did not depend on subjects' comprehension of the text read. These results are discussed in the framework of the transfer-appropriate processing view proposed by Roediger, Weldon, and Challis (1989).
本研究探讨文本处理领域内的内隐记忆。设计了三个实验，以研究在连贯文本的语境中呈现目标词后，单词片段完成、词干完成和自由联想测试中的启动效应。为了考察知觉和概念过程的时间进程，我们通过操纵目标词被阅读时的知觉语境以及给予受试者每个测试线索的时间来研究启动效应。出现了三个主要结果。首先，我们发现在对先前在文本中学习过的单词进行的三项内隐测试中存在显著的启动效应。其次，启动效应的大小仅在任务要求需要知觉和概念处理时才会变化，完成测试的情况就是如此。第三，启动效应并不取决于受试者对所读文本的理解。这些结果在罗迪格、韦尔登和查利斯（1989）提出的迁移适当加工观点的框架内进行了讨论。
