Gajdosik R L, Vander Linden D W, Williams A K
Physical Therapy Department, School of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula 59812-1076, USA.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1999 Mar;29(3):181-90. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1999.29.3.181.
Descriptive, comparative, and correlational study of nonimpaired, active women in 3 age groups.
We described age-related concentric isokinetic torque of plantar flexion (PF) of active women and examined the proposal that PF torque at slow to rapid velocities would be influenced by age-related slower muscle contractile properties. We also examined the relationship of age to passive and active force characteristics of the calf muscle.
Aging is associated with decreased calf muscle strength, slower muscle contractile properties, and decreased dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion. Clinical methods of measuring these changes in the calf muscles have not been described adequately.
24 younger women (20 to 39 years), 24 middle-aged women (40 to 59 years), and 33 older women (60 to 84 years) performed maximal concentric PF of the right ankle from maximal passive DF at randomly ordered velocities of 30 degrees.s-1, 60 degrees.s-1, 120 degrees.s-1, and 180 degrees.s-1. The peak and mean torques and "angular delay" (degree) from the onset of movement to peak torque were examined using ANOVA. Age was correlated (Pearson product moment r) with the peak and mean torques, "angular delay," velocity at peak torque for 180 degrees.s-1, and the maximal passive DF angle and torque.
The peak and mean torques decreased with increasing age and velocities. The angular delay at 180 degrees.s-1 decreased with increasing age. Age was negatively correlated with the peak and mean torques (range, r = -0.60 to -0.73), the "angular delay" at all velocities (range, r = -0.44 to -0.64), the maximal passive DF angle (r = -0.73) and torque (r = -0.60), and with the peak torque velocity at 180 degrees.s-1 (r = -0.29).
The results indicate age-related changes for the concentric isokinetic torque of the calf muscles of active women. The angular delay at 180 degrees.s-1 may show changes influenced by slower muscle contractile properties. Concurrent age-related declines in passive and active calf muscle force characteristics were demonstrated.
对3个年龄组未受损的活跃女性进行描述性、比较性和相关性研究。
我们描述了活跃女性与年龄相关的跖屈（PF）等速向心扭矩，并研究了以下假设，即从慢速到快速速度的PF扭矩会受到与年龄相关的肌肉收缩特性减慢的影响。我们还研究了年龄与小腿肌肉被动和主动力特性之间的关系。
衰老与小腿肌肉力量下降、肌肉收缩特性减慢以及背屈（DF）活动范围减小有关。测量小腿肌肉这些变化的临床方法尚未得到充分描述。
24名年轻女性（20至39岁）、24名中年女性（40至59岁）和33名老年女性（60至84岁）在右踝关节最大被动背屈时，以30度·秒⁻¹、60度·秒⁻¹、120度·秒⁻¹和180度·秒⁻¹的随机顺序速度进行最大等速向心PF。使用方差分析检查峰值扭矩、平均扭矩以及从运动开始到峰值扭矩的“角度延迟”（度数）。年龄与峰值扭矩、平均扭矩、“角度延迟”、180度·秒⁻¹峰值扭矩时的速度、最大被动背屈角度和扭矩进行相关性分析（Pearson积矩相关系数r）。
峰值扭矩和平均扭矩随年龄和速度增加而降低。180度·秒⁻¹时的角度延迟随年龄增加而减小。年龄与峰值扭矩和平均扭矩呈负相关（范围：r = -0.60至-0.73），与所有速度下的“角度延迟”呈负相关（范围：r = -0.44至-0.64），与最大被动背屈角度（r = -0.73）和扭矩（r = -0.60）呈负相关，与180度·秒⁻¹时的峰值扭矩速度呈负相关（r = -0.29）。
结果表明活跃女性小腿肌肉等速向心扭矩存在与年龄相关的变化。180度·秒⁻¹时的角度延迟可能显示出受肌肉收缩特性减慢影响的变化。同时证明了与年龄相关的小腿肌肉被动和主动力特性下降。
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