Iannucci A, Nardelli E, Rizzuto N
Riv Patol Nerv Ment. 1976 Nov-Dec;97(6):357-70.
Histologically Alzheimer's disease is chiefly characterized by senile plaques and neurofibrillary degenerations. Electron microscopy has clarified the basic morphological changes and has shed some light on the pathogenesis of the lesions. The senile plaque includes three components: neurites in various stages of degeneration, amyloid, and glial cells or processes. Degeneration of neurites is considered to represent the major change since it occurs before amyloid deposition, therefore playing a primary role in the development of the plaque: therefore the senile or neuritic plaque is the result of a neuronal disease, even though there is no evidence of perikarion injury. Neurofibrillary tangles are due to the accumulation in the neuronal cytoplasm of large clusters of abnormal neurotubules about 200 A diameter with periodic narrowings every 800 A (Twisted tubules). The nature and significance of the pathological material observed within the neurons are discussed.
从组织学上看，阿尔茨海默病主要特征为老年斑和神经原纤维变性。电子显微镜已阐明了基本的形态学变化，并对病变的发病机制有所揭示。老年斑包括三个成分：处于不同退变阶段的神经突、淀粉样蛋白以及神经胶质细胞或其突起。神经突的退变被认为是主要变化，因为它发生在淀粉样蛋白沉积之前，因此在斑块形成中起主要作用：所以老年斑或神经炎性斑是神经元疾病的结果，尽管没有核周损伤的证据。神经原纤维缠结是由于在神经元细胞质中积累了大量直径约200埃、每隔800埃有周期性变窄的异常神经微管大簇（扭曲微管）。文中还讨论了在神经元内观察到的病理物质的性质和意义。
