Fleury R E, Sullivan C M, Bybee D I, Davidson W S
Michigan State University, Department of Psychology, East Lansing 48824-1117, USA.
Violence Vict. 1998 Winter;13(4):333-46.
Incidents of domestic violence are frequently not reported to police (e.g., Johnson, 1990; Langan & Innes, 1986; Roy, 1977), and people commonly assume that women's reasons for not calling about violence by a current or former partner are intrapersonal (e.g., shame, embarrassment, love). However, few researchers have asked battered women themselves about the frequency of their police contacts and their reasons for not calling the police. In this study, participants were recruited from a battered women's shelter and asked about their experiences with the police over the prior 6 months. Two thirds of the sample had had contact with the police during that time, but most did not have as much contact with the police as they had needed. Women gave multiple reasons for not calling the police; these reasons frequently included situational barriers, such as being physically prevented from using the telephone and/or being threatened with more violence. Only 3% of the sample reported that shame, embarrassment, or love were their sole reasons for not calling the police. Underreporting was related to previous (negative) experience with the police, as well as to the level of violence experienced. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.
家庭暴力事件往往不会向警方报案（例如，约翰逊，1990年；兰根和英尼斯，1986年；罗伊，1977年），人们通常认为女性不就现任或前任伴侣的暴力行为报警的原因是个人内心的（例如，羞耻、尴尬、爱）。然而，很少有研究人员询问过受虐妇女自己与警方联系的频率以及她们不报警的原因。在本研究中，参与者是从一家受虐妇女庇护所招募的，并被问及她们在过去6个月里与警方打交道的经历。三分之二的样本在那段时间里与警方有过接触，但大多数人与警方的接触并没有达到她们的需求。女性给出了不报警的多种原因；这些原因常常包括情境障碍，比如身体上被阻止使用电话和/或受到更多暴力威胁。只有3%的样本表示，羞耻、尴尬或爱是她们不报警的唯一原因。报案不足与之前（负面的）与警方的经历以及所遭受的暴力程度有关。本文讨论了这些研究结果的实际意义。
