The presynaptic cytomatrix protein Bassoon: sequence and chromosomal localization of the human BSN gene.

Bassoon is a novel 420-kDa protein recently identified as a component of the cytoskeleton at presynaptic neurotransmitter release sites. Analysis of the rat and mouse sequences revealed a polyglutamine stretch in the C-terminal part of the protein. Since it is known for some proteins that abnormal amplification of such polyglutamine regions can cause late-onset neurodegeneration, we cloned and localized the human BASSOON gene (BSN). Phage clones spanning most of the open reading frame and the 3' untranslated region were isolated from a human genomic library and used for chromosomal localization of BSN to chromosome 3p21 by FISH. The localization was confirmed by PCR on rodent/human somatic cell hybrids; it is consistent with the localization of the murine Bsn gene at chromosome 9F. Sequencing revealed a polyglutamine stretch of only five residues in human, and PCR amplifications from 50 individuals showed no obvious length polymorphism in this region. Analysis of the primary structure of Bassoon and comparison to previous database entries provide evidence for a newly emerging protein family.