Bañuelos G S, Ajwa H A, Caceres L, Dyer D
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Water Management Research Laboratory, 2021 South Peach, Fresno, California 93727, USA.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1999 May;43(1):62-7. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1999.1765.
Boron (B) is toxic to most plant species when accumulated in high concentrations. Differences in a plant's ability to adapt to high concentrations of B may depend on the origin of the germplasm. Chilean and domestic (U.S.) germplasm, corn (Zea mays L.), carrots (Daucus carotas), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were evaluated for germination, emergence of cotyledonary leaves, and tissue B accumulation under high-B conditions in both an environmental growth chamber and a greenhouse. Increasing B levels (20-40 mg B liter-1) inhibited the percentage germination for both the Chilean and domestic germplasm. Chilean germplasm exhibited generally a greater percentage of healthy cotyledonary leaves at the 20 mg B liter-1 treatment than the domestic germplasm. Comparing B concentrations between both germplasm grown and irrigated with B-enriched water (10-20 mg B liter-1) under greenhouse conditions, leaves from domestic germplasm contained more B. Moreover, B troxicity symptoms were more severe for the tested plant species from the domestic germplasm. Apparent B tolerance by germplasm of different origin should be further tested under field conditions.
硼（B）在植物体内高浓度积累时，对大多数植物种类具有毒性。植物适应高浓度硼的能力差异可能取决于种质的来源。对智利和美国本土的种质，包括玉米（Zea mays L.）、胡萝卜（Daucus carotas）、番茄（Lycopersicum esculentum L.）和苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.），在环境生长室和温室的高硼条件下，评估了其发芽率、子叶出土情况以及组织硼积累。硼水平升高（20 - 40毫克硼/升）抑制了智利和美国本土种质的发芽率。在20毫克硼/升处理下，智利种质的健康子叶百分比总体上高于美国本土种质。在温室条件下，比较用富含硼的水（10 - 20毫克硼/升）培养和灌溉的两种种质的硼浓度，美国本土种质的叶片含硼量更高。此外，美国本土种质的受试植物物种的硼中毒症状更严重。不同来源种质的明显硼耐受性应在田间条件下进一步测试。
