Parent F, Dansereau J, Valiquette C, Lacoste M
Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Assist Technol. 1998;10(2):94-101. doi: 10.1080/10400435.1998.10131967.
Studies have shown that the use of a conventional sling backrest in a wheelchair may have a negative impact on the posture and health of users. To avoid such problems, this backrest is often replaced by a back cushion on a rigid surface. However, the use of the latter deprives many wheelchair users of the advantages provided by the sling backrest (easy folding, lightweight, low cost, unobtrusive, simplicity of design). In an effort to maintain these features while providing adequate posture, a new backrest was designed according to specific criteria. The "flexible contour backrest" has been developed so that it can be adapted to a person's back contour with stays, adjustable straps, and curved back posts. Preliminary comparisons done by some experts with commercially available backrests showed that design criteria were reached at 62.9% by the back cushion on a rigid surface, at 64% by the sling backrest, and at 67.7% by the adjustable-tension backrest. On the other hand, design criteria were reached at 80% by the new flexible contour backrest because its design brings together most of the positive features provided by these other backrests (easy to fold, light weight, unobtrusive, airy) as well as providing adequate posture and better fit to the user's morphology.
研究表明，在轮椅上使用传统的吊带式靠背可能会对使用者的姿势和健康产生负面影响。为避免此类问题，这种靠背常被刚性表面上的靠垫所取代。然而，使用后者剥夺了许多轮椅使用者吊带式靠背所提供的优势（易于折叠、重量轻、成本低、不显眼、设计简单）。为了在提供适当姿势的同时保持这些特性，根据特定标准设计了一种新的靠背。“柔性轮廓靠背”已被开发出来，以便通过撑条、可调节带和弯曲的后支柱使其适应人的背部轮廓。一些专家对市售靠背进行的初步比较表明，刚性表面上的靠垫达到设计标准的比例为62.9%，吊带式靠背为64%，可调节张力靠背为67.7%。另一方面，新型柔性轮廓靠背达到设计标准的比例为80%，因为其设计汇集了这些其他靠背所提供的大部分积极特性（易于折叠、重量轻、不显眼、透气），同时提供了适当的姿势并更贴合使用者的形态。
