Fénelon V S, Kilman V, Meyrand P, Marder E
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Réseaux, CNRS et Université de Bordeaux I, Talence, France.
J Comp Neurol. 1999 Jun 7;408(3):335-51. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990607)408:3<335::aid-cne3>3.0.co;2-w.
The activity of the adult stomatogastric ganglion (STG) depends on a large number of aminergic and peptidergic modulatory inputs. Our aim is to understand the role of these modulatory inputs in the development of the central pattern-generating networks of the STG. Therefore, we analyze the developmental and adult expressions of three neuropeptides in the stomatogastric nervous system of the lobsters Homarus americanus and Homarus gammarus by using wholemount immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. In adults, red pigment-concentrating hormone (RPCH)-like, proctolin-like, and a tachykinin-like immunoreactivity are present in axonal projections to the STG. At 50% of embryonic development (E50), all three peptides stain the commissural ganglia and brain, but only RPCH- and proctolin-like immunoreactivities stain axonal arbors in the STG. Tachykinin-like immunoreactivity is not apparent in the STG until larval stage II (LII). The RPCH-immunoreactive projection to the STG consists of two pairs of fibers. One pair stains for RPCH immunoreactivity at E50; the second RPCH-immunoreactive pair does not stain until about LII. One pair of the RPCH fibers double labels for tachykinin-like immunoreactivity. The adult complement of neuromodulatory inputs is not fully expressed until close to the developmental time at which major changes in the STG motor patterns occur, suggesting that neuromodulators play a role in the tuning of the central pattern generators during development.
成年口胃神经节（STG）的活动依赖于大量的胺能和肽能调节输入。我们的目的是了解这些调节输入在STG中枢模式生成网络发育中的作用。因此，我们通过全组织免疫细胞化学和共聚焦显微镜分析了美洲螯龙虾和欧洲螯龙虾口胃神经系统中三种神经肽的发育和成年期表达。在成体中，向STG的轴突投射中存在红色素浓缩激素（RPCH）样、促肠肌肽样和速激肽样免疫反应性。在胚胎发育50%（E50）时，所有三种肽都能使联合神经节和脑染色，但只有RPCH样和促肠肌肽样免疫反应性能使STG中的轴突分支染色。速激肽样免疫反应性在幼虫II期（LII）之前在STG中不明显。向STG的RPCH免疫反应性投射由两对纤维组成。一对在E50时显示RPCH免疫反应性染色；第二对RPCH免疫反应性纤维直到大约LII期才染色。一对RPCH纤维同时显示速激肽样免疫反应性双重标记。直到接近STG运动模式发生重大变化的发育时间，神经调节输入的成年补充才完全表达，这表明神经调节剂在发育过程中对中枢模式发生器的调整中起作用。
