Young V R, Ajami A
Laboratory of Human Nutrition, School of Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Proc Nutr Soc. 1999 Feb;58(1):15-32. doi: 10.1079/pns19990004.
The present lecture begins with a brief overview of the professional and scientific journey taken by Rudolf Schoenheimer, before turning to a discussion of the power of isotopic tracers in nutrition research. Schoenheimer's remarkable contributions to the study of intermediary metabolism and the turnover of body constituents, based initially on compounds tagged with 2H and later with 15N, spanned a mere decade. It is difficult, however, to overestimate the enormous impact of Schoenheimer's research on the evolution of biological science. After a relative hiatus, following Schoenheimer's death in 1941, in the use of stable nuclides as tracers in metabolism and nutrition, especially in human subjects, there is now an expanded and exciting range of techniques, experimental protocols and stable-isotope tracer compounds that are helping to probe the dynamic aspects of the metabolism of the major energy-yielding substrates, amino acids and other N-containing compounds, vitamins and mineral elements in human subjects. Various aspects of the contemporary applications of these tracers in nutrition research are covered in the present lecture.
本次讲座首先简要回顾鲁道夫·舍恩海默的专业与科学历程，然后讨论同位素示踪剂在营养研究中的作用。舍恩海默对中间代谢和身体成分周转研究的卓越贡献，最初基于用2H标记的化合物，后来则是15N标记的化合物，其研究跨度仅十年。然而，很难高估舍恩海默的研究对生物科学发展的巨大影响。1941年舍恩海默去世后，在将稳定核素用作代谢和营养示踪剂方面，尤其是在人体研究中，出现了一段相对停滞期，而现在有了一系列不断扩展且令人兴奋的技术、实验方案和稳定同位素示踪剂化合物，它们有助于探究人体中主要产能量底物、氨基酸及其他含氮化合物、维生素和矿物质元素代谢的动态方面。本次讲座涵盖了这些示踪剂在营养研究中的当代应用的各个方面。
