Royuela M, Astier C, Fraile B, Paniagua R
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1999 Jan;20(1):1-9. doi: 10.1023/a:1005455931815.
The presence and distribution of alpha-actinin has been studied in several invertebrate muscle cell types. These comprised transversely striated muscle (flight muscle) from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, transversely striated muscle (heart muscle) from the snail Helix aspersa, obliquely striated muscle (body wall muscle) from the earthworm Eisenia foetida, smooth muscle (retractor muscle) from H. aspersa, and smooth muscle (outer muscular layer of the pseudoheart) from E. foetida. The study was carried by means of Western blot analysis, ELISA, and immunohistochemical electron microscopy, using anti alpha-actinin antibody. Immunoreaction for a protein with the same molecular weight as that of mammalian alpha-actinin was detected in all muscle types studied, although the amount and intensity of immunoreaction varied among them. In the insect muscle, immunolabelling was found along the whole Z-line. In both the transversely striated muscle from the snail and the obliquely striated muscle from the earthworm, immunolabelling did not occupy the whole Z-line but showed discontinuous, orderly arranged patches along the Z-line course. In the two smooth muscles studied (snail and earthworm), immunolabelling was limited to small patches which did not show an apparently ordered distribution. Since it is assumed that alpha-actinin is located at the anchorage sites for actin filaments, present observations suggest that, only in the Drosophila muscle, actin filaments are parallelly arranged in all their course, whereas in the other invertebrate muscles studied these filaments converge on discontinuously distributed anchorage sites.
已经在几种无脊椎动物肌肉细胞类型中研究了α - 辅肌动蛋白的存在和分布。这些包括果蝇黑腹果蝇的横纹肌（飞行肌）、蜗牛葡萄蜗牛的横纹肌（心肌）、蚯蚓赤子爱胜蚓的斜纹肌（体壁肌）、葡萄蜗牛的平滑肌（牵缩肌）以及赤子爱胜蚓的平滑肌（伪心脏外层肌肉层）。该研究通过蛋白质免疫印迹分析、酶联免疫吸附测定和免疫组织化学电子显微镜进行，使用抗α - 辅肌动蛋白抗体。在所研究的所有肌肉类型中均检测到与哺乳动物α - 辅肌动蛋白分子量相同的蛋白质的免疫反应，尽管免疫反应的量和强度在它们之间有所不同。在昆虫肌肉中，沿整个Z线发现了免疫标记。在蜗牛的横纹肌和蚯蚓的斜纹肌中，免疫标记并未占据整个Z线，而是沿Z线走向呈现不连续、有序排列的斑块。在所研究的两种平滑肌（蜗牛和蚯蚓）中，免疫标记仅限于小斑块，且未显示出明显的有序分布。由于假定α - 辅肌动蛋白位于肌动蛋白丝的锚定部位，目前的观察结果表明，仅在果蝇肌肉中，肌动蛋白丝在其整个行程中平行排列，而在其他所研究的无脊椎动物肌肉中，这些丝汇聚于不连续分布的锚定部位。
