Mycophenolate mofetil: a new therapeutic option in the treatment of blistering autoimmune diseases.

BACKGROUND

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), an ester of mycophenolic acid (MPA), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1995 and is currently primarily indicated for the prophylaxis of rejection in renal transplant patients. The drug seems also to be of value in the treatment of psoriasis and rheumatic arthritis. Recently there have been 6 reported cases of successful treatment of blistering autoimmune diseases with MMF in combination with high dose prednisone therapy.

OBJECTIVE

On the basis of these reports we administered this new treatment regimen to several patients with blistering autoimmune diseases. Besides using a combination of MMF and high-dose prednisone we wanted to evaluate whether MMF monotherapy is also effective in the treatment of blistering autoimmune diseases.

METHODS

We administered MMF to 5 patients who had severe pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid. Two patients received MMF in combination with high-dose prednisone therapy and 3 patients received MMF monotherapy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful treatment of pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid with MMF monotherapy.

RESULTS

All patients were completely free of symptoms within 8 to 11 weeks of therapy. Patients who had received MMF monotherapy responded as well to treatment as those who received a combination of MMF and high-dose prednisone.

CONCLUSION

Our experiences strongly suggest that MMF monotherapy may be effective for patients even with severe pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. In addition, MMF monotherapy, at least over the short term, offers the advantage of fewer side effects in comparison to immunosuppressive combination therapy and was well tolerated by our patients.