Harel J, Martin C
Département de pathologie et microbiologie, faculté de médecine vétérinaire, université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Vet Res. 1999 Mar-Jun;30(2-3):131-55.
The ability to regulate gene expression throughout the course of an infection is important for the survival of a pathogen in the host. Thus, virulence gene expression responds to environmental signals in many complex ways. Frequently, global regulatory factors associated with specific regulators co-ordinate expression of virulence genes. In this review, we present well-described regulatory mechanisms used to co-ordinate the expression of virulence factors by pathogenic Escherichia coli with a relative emphasis on diseases caused by E. coli in animals. Many of the virulence-associated genes of pathogenic E. coli respond to environmental conditions. The involvement of global regulators, including housekeeping regulons and virulence regulons, specific regulators and then sensor regulatory systems involved in virulence, is described. Specific regulation mechanisms are illustrated using the regulation of genes encoding for fimbriae, curli, haemolysin and capsules as examples.
在感染过程中调节基因表达的能力对于病原体在宿主体内的存活至关重要。因此，毒力基因表达以多种复杂方式对环境信号作出反应。通常，与特定调节因子相关的全局调节因子会协调毒力基因的表达。在本综述中，我们介绍了用于协调致病性大肠杆菌毒力因子表达的详细调节机制，相对重点关注大肠杆菌在动物中引起的疾病。致病性大肠杆菌的许多与毒力相关的基因对环境条件有反应。描述了全局调节因子的参与情况，包括管家调节子和毒力调节子、特定调节因子以及参与毒力的传感调节系统。以编码菌毛、卷曲菌毛、溶血素和荚膜的基因的调节为例说明了具体的调节机制。
