Ludlow C L, Hang C, Bielamowicz S, Choyke P, Hampshire V, Selbie W S
Voice and Speech Section, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1416, USA.
Artif Organs. 1999 May;23(5):463-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.1999.06364.x.
During swallowing, airway protection depends upon adequate glottal closure and laryngeal elevation to prevent the entry of substances into the airway. Three-dimensional changes in the upper airway during laryngeal muscle stimulation in a canine model were quantified in animals implanted with Peterson type stimulating electrodes in the inferior and superior portions of the thyroarytenoid muscle, together with a reference electrode. Computer tomography scanning was performed on an IMATRON scanner with a 3 mm slice thickness advanced at overlapping 1 mm increments. Stimulation of the thyroarytenoid muscle produced adductions of the vocal fold towards the midline and changes in the supraglottic region as well as the glottis; the glottic wall was compressed medially above and below the glottis. These results suggest that chronic neuromuscular stimulation can effect glottic protection by reducing the glottal opening and may be beneficial for patients with central control disorders affecting airway protection during swallowing.
吞咽过程中，气道保护依赖于声门的充分闭合和喉部抬高，以防止物质进入气道。在植入了位于甲杓肌上下部分的彼得森型刺激电极以及一个参考电极的犬类模型中，对喉部肌肉刺激期间上气道的三维变化进行了量化。使用IMATRON扫描仪进行计算机断层扫描，切片厚度为3毫米，以1毫米的重叠增量推进。刺激甲杓肌会使声带向中线内收，并导致声门上区域和声门发生变化；声门壁在声门上方和下方被向内压缩。这些结果表明，慢性神经肌肉刺激可通过减少声门开口来实现声门保护，这可能对吞咽期间影响气道保护的中枢控制障碍患者有益。
