Spieler E A
West Virginia University, College of Law, Morgantown 26506, USA.
Occup Med. 1999 Jul-Sep;14(3):665-86.
Some populations of workers face competitive disadvantages in the labor market and increased risks at work. This paper discusses three areas of law that are relevant to the occupational health concerns of these subgroups of workers. First, laws against discrimination in employment on the basis of race, sex, age, and disability are described. Second, laws that provide universal protection for all workers, including regulatory laws (e.g., OSHA) and social insurance programs (e.g., workers' compensation) are evaluated in terms of the extent to which they provide effective protection for vulnerable populations. Third, the nature of legal protections for people at specific increased risk for disease is assessed. Appendices provide specific summaries of relevant laws.
一些工人群体在劳动力市场上面临竞争劣势，且工作风险增加。本文讨论了与这些工人群体的职业健康问题相关的三个法律领域。首先，描述了禁止基于种族、性别、年龄和残疾的就业歧视的法律。其次，从为弱势群体提供有效保护的程度方面，评估了为所有工人提供普遍保护的法律，包括监管法律（如职业安全与健康管理局的相关法律）和社会保险计划（如工人赔偿）。第三，评估了对特定疾病高风险人群的法律保护的性质。附录提供了相关法律的具体摘要。
