Sase M, Tamura H, Ueda K, Kato H
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999 May;13(5):323-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1999.13050323.x.
Little is known about the development of fetal gastric motility and emptying. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of gastric motility sonographically in the human fetus.
The motility and peristalsis of the fetal stomach were sonographically studied in 76 normal fetuses at 12-39 weeks of gestation. Fetal gastric motility was assessed by videotaping real-time ultrasonic images of the stomach for periods of 60 or more minutes.
Gastric peristalsis appeared as early as 14 weeks of gestation, and was detected in all fetuses by 23 weeks. The frequency of peristaltic waves was constant, and was 2.2-3 times per minute at 14-39 weeks of gestation. The onset of fetal gastric peristalsis was sporadic and the period with no peristaltic waves was dominant before 24 weeks of gestation. Fetal gastric peristalsis increased and consolidated into long-term clusters from 24 weeks of gestation. The mean duration of peristalsis increased from 4.1 +/- 1.2 min (n = 6) at 20-23 weeks to 14.1 +/- 3.2 min (n = 14) at 32-35 weeks of gestation, and remained constant thereafter.
Fetal gastric motility was quantified and its development during pregnancy was assessed in this study. There was a critical point of development at around 24-25 weeks of gestation when grouped peristalsis was observed in all fetuses.
关于胎儿胃动力和排空的发育情况，人们了解甚少。本研究的目的是通过超声检查评估人类胎儿胃动力的发育情况。
对76例妊娠12 - 39周的正常胎儿进行超声检查，观察胎儿胃的动力和蠕动情况。通过录制胃的实时超声图像60分钟及以上来评估胎儿胃动力。
胃蠕动最早在妊娠14周出现，到23周时在所有胎儿中均可检测到。蠕动波频率恒定，在妊娠14 - 39周时为每分钟2.2 - 3次。胎儿胃蠕动的起始是散在的，在妊娠24周前无蠕动波的时间段占主导。从妊娠24周起，胎儿胃蠕动增加并整合为长期的簇状。蠕动的平均持续时间从20 - 23周时的4.1±1.2分钟（n = 6）增加到32 - 35周时的14.1±3.2分钟（n = 14），此后保持恒定。
本研究对胎儿胃动力进行了量化，并评估了其在孕期的发育情况。在妊娠24 - 25周左右存在一个发育关键点，此时在所有胎儿中均观察到成组蠕动。
