Strayhorn G
Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 1999 Jun;91(6):350-6.
The association between the percent change in first-year and total underrepresented minority student enrollment and the presence of preadmission programs at Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) accredited medical schools was assessed before and during successful legal and legislative challenges to affirmative action. The percent change in under-represented minority student enrollment was determined by comparing enrollment data for the academic years 1993-94 and 1996-97. Schools were categorized as having either a negative or positive percent change in their enrollment of underrepresented minority students. Logistic regression was used to determine the association of the percent change in under-represented minority student enrollment and the presence of a preadmission program while controlling for schools' financial support and the presence of postbaccalaureate programs. Fifty-six percent of the included medical schools had preadmission programs. Schools with a positive percent change were significantly more likely to have preadmission programs compared with schools with a negative percent change. There was no association between the presence of preadmission programs and the percent change in total enrollment. These results indicate that the presence of preadmission programs is positively associated with increases in first-year underrepresented minority student enrollment during the successful challenges to affirmative actions.
在针对平权行动的成功法律和立法挑战之前及期间，评估了医学教育联络委员会（LCME）认证医学院中一年级及未被充分代表的少数族裔学生入学人数百分比变化与入学前项目之间的关联。未被充分代表的少数族裔学生入学人数的百分比变化通过比较1993 - 94学年和1996 - 97学年的入学数据来确定。学校被分类为未被充分代表的少数族裔学生入学人数百分比变化为负或正。在控制学校的财政支持和学士后项目的存在的同时，使用逻辑回归来确定未被充分代表的少数族裔学生入学人数百分比变化与入学前项目之间的关联。纳入的医学院中有56%设有入学前项目。与入学人数百分比变化为负的学校相比，入学人数百分比变化为正的学校更有可能设有入学前项目。入学前项目的存在与总入学人数的百分比变化之间没有关联。这些结果表明，在针对平权行动的成功挑战期间，入学前项目的存在与一年级未被充分代表的少数族裔学生入学人数的增加呈正相关。
