Picaud J C, Putet G, Salle B L, Claris O
Service de néonatalogie, hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1999 Jun;6(6):657-64. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(99)80299-1.
Anemia in premature infants can be prevented by prophylactic treatment with recombinant human erythroprotein (r-huEPO). r-HuEPO as been used for a long time in patients with end-stage renal failure. The main factor which can limit r-HuEPO efficiency is limited iron bioavailability. Adapted iron supplementation is needed when preterm infants receive r-HuEPO in order to avoid the depletion of iron stores. Oral iron supplementation is simple but indigestibility is frequent. Furthermore, the intestinal absorption and utilization of oral iron is limited. Parenteral iron supplementation is possible in infants who are very pre-term as they are parenterally fed during the first weeks of life. There are various preparations of intravenous iron with different physicochemical properties. Toxicity and side-effects of parenteral iron preparations depend on these properties. Two parenteral iron preparations are available in France: iron-saccharate (Venofer) and iron-dextrin (Maltofer). Iron delivery and possible side-effects of these preparations are different and need to be considered before use in preterm infants.
通过使用重组人促红细胞生成素（r-huEPO）进行预防性治疗，可以预防早产儿贫血。r-huEPO已在终末期肾衰竭患者中使用了很长时间。限制r-huEPO疗效的主要因素是铁的生物利用度有限。早产儿接受r-huEPO时需要适当补充铁剂，以避免铁储备耗尽。口服铁剂补充简单，但消化不良很常见。此外，口服铁的肠道吸收和利用有限。对于极早产儿，由于他们在出生后的头几周是通过肠外营养喂养的，因此可以进行肠外铁剂补充。有多种具有不同物理化学性质的静脉铁制剂。肠外铁剂的毒性和副作用取决于这些性质。法国有两种肠外铁制剂：蔗糖铁（Venofer）和糊精铁（Maltofer）。这些制剂的铁输送量和可能的副作用不同，在用于早产儿之前需要考虑这些因素。
