Chadha S L, Tandon R, Shekhawat S, Gopinath N
Sitaram Bhartia Institute of Science & Research, New Delhi.
Indian Heart J. 1999 Mar-Apr;51(2):178-82.
Distribution patterns of blood pressure were studied in a randomised sample of 10,215 school children (5,709 boys 4,506 girls) in the age group 5-14 years in Delhi. The mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) increased with age in both sexes. The cut-off points for high blood pressure were based on average SBP and/or DBP values of 95th percentile or greater for each age. The values for SBP ranged from 70 mm Hg to 140 mm Hg and for DBP from 36 mm Hg to 100 mm Hg for the age group 5-9 years. In the age group 10-14 years, the values for SBP and DBP ranged from 72 mm Hg to 160 mm Hg and from 46 mm Hg to 120 mm Hg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension (systolic, diastolic or both) was 11.9 percent in boys and 11.4 percent in girls, an insignificant difference. Anthropometric variables like height, weight and body mass index showed positive correlation with systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure but the waist-hip ratio showed negative correlation coefficient with blood pressure. Family history of hypertension in one or both the parents was present in 20.4 percent children with high blood pressure compared to 6.8 percent in normotensives. Family history or diabetes was also significantly higher in hypertensive children (5.4%) than in normotensives (3.1%).
在德里对10215名5至14岁的学童（5709名男孩和4506名女孩）的随机样本进行了血压分布模式研究。收缩压和舒张压（SBP和DBP）的平均值在两性中均随年龄增长而升高。高血压的切点基于每个年龄组第95百分位数及以上的平均SBP和/或DBP值。5至9岁年龄组的SBP值范围为70毫米汞柱至140毫米汞柱，DBP值范围为36毫米汞柱至100毫米汞柱。在10至14岁年龄组中，SBP和DBP值分别为72毫米汞柱至160毫米汞柱和46毫米汞柱至120毫米汞柱。高血压（收缩压、舒张压或两者兼有）的患病率在男孩中为11.9%，在女孩中为11.4%，差异不显著。身高、体重和体重指数等人体测量变量与收缩压和舒张压均呈正相关，但腰臀比与血压呈负相关系数。父母一方或双方有高血压家族史的高血压儿童占20.4%，而血压正常儿童为6.8%。高血压儿童的糖尿病家族史（5.4%）也显著高于血压正常儿童（3.1%）。
