Nystad W, Stensrud T, Rijcken B, Hagen J, Magnus P, Carlsen K H
Laboratory of Sport Medicine, Norwegian University of Physical Education and Sport, Oslo.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 1999 Feb;10(1):58-65. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-3038.1999.101003.x.
Our objective was to study whether children with reported asthma differed from children with wheeze but without asthma, and from children with neither asthma nor wheeze, regarding lung function, bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) using methacholine inhalation, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), and skin prick test (SPT) reactivity. School children (n=2188), enrolled in a survey of asthma, were classified into three mutually exclusive groups by parental report of: asthma, wheeze, and no asthma/no wheeze. A random sample of 80 children in each group was tested (n=240). Among asthmatics, 68% (95% confidence interval (CI), 57-79) had a BHR (measured as PD20 forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) < or = 8.16 micromol using methacholine) compared to 31% (CI 20-42%) and 30% (CI 19-40%) in the wheeze and no asthma/no wheeze groups. The dose-response slope (DRS) confirmed the PD20 data and distinguished equally between groups. EIB (> or =10% fall in FEV1) was more frequent (40%, CI 29-52%) among asthmatics than among children with wheeze (12%, CI 4-19%) and no asthma/no wheeze (7%, CI 1-13%). The prevalence of at least one positive SPT was twice as high in the asthma group (58%, CI 47-69%) than in the wheeze (27%, CI 16-37%) and the no asthma/no wheeze (25%, CI 15-35%) groups. These results indicate that children with asthma differ from children with wheeze and children with no asthma/no wheeze regarding lung function, BHR, EIB, and SPT reactivity. Children with wheeze are more similar to children with no asthma/no wheeze with respect to these parameters.
我们的目的是研究报告患有哮喘的儿童与患有喘息但无哮喘的儿童以及既无哮喘也无喘息的儿童在肺功能、使用乙酰甲胆碱吸入法测定的支气管高反应性（BHR）、运动诱发的支气管收缩（EIB）和皮肤点刺试验（SPT）反应性方面是否存在差异。参与哮喘调查的学童（n = 2188）根据家长报告被分为三个相互排斥的组：哮喘组、喘息组和无哮喘/无喘息组。每组随机抽取80名儿童进行测试（n = 240）。在哮喘患儿中，68%（95%置信区间（CI），57 - 79）有BHR（使用乙酰甲胆碱测定为1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）的PD20<或= 8.16微摩尔），而喘息组和无哮喘/无喘息组的这一比例分别为31%（CI 20 - 42%）和30%（CI 19 - 40%）。剂量反应斜率（DRS）证实了PD20数据，并在各组之间有同等区分度。EIB（FEV1下降≥10%）在哮喘患儿中比在喘息患儿（12%，CI 4 - 19%）和无哮喘/无喘息患儿（7%，CI 1 - 13%）中更常见（40%，CI 29 - 52%）。哮喘组中至少一项SPT阳性的患病率是喘息组（27%，CI 16 - 37%）和无哮喘/无喘息组（25%，CI 15 - 35%）的两倍。这些结果表明，患有哮喘的儿童在肺功能、BHR、EIB和SPT反应性方面与患有喘息的儿童以及既无哮喘也无喘息的儿童不同。在这些参数方面，患有喘息的儿童与既无哮喘也无喘息的儿童更为相似。
