Safran M R, Benedetti R S, Bartolozzi A R, Mandelbaum B R
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente, Orange County, Anaheim, CA 92804, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999 Jul;31(7 Suppl):S429-37. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199907001-00004.
Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries sustained by athletes and seen by sports medicine physicians. Despite their prevalence in society, ankle sprains still remain a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in the athlete, as well as in society in general. The purpose of this section of our two-part study is to review scope of the problem, the anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral ankle ligaments, review the pathoanatomical correlates of lateral ankle sprains, the histopathogenesis of ligament healing, and define the mechanisms of injury to understand the basis of our diagnostic approach to the patient with this common acute and chronic injury. We extensively review the diagnostic evaluation including historical information and physical examination, as well as options for supplementary radiographic examination. We further discuss the differential diagnosis of the patient with recurrent instability symptoms. This will also serve as the foundation for part two of our study, which is to understand the rationale for our treatment approach for this common problem.
踝关节扭伤是运动员最常见的伤病之一，也是运动医学医生最常诊治的疾病。尽管踝关节扭伤在社会中普遍存在，但无论是对于运动员还是普通大众，踝关节扭伤在诊断和治疗上仍然是一项难题。在我们这个分为两部分的研究中，本部分的目的是回顾该问题的范围、外侧踝关节韧带的解剖学和生物力学，探讨外侧踝关节扭伤的病理解剖学关联、韧带愈合的组织病理学机制，并明确损伤机制，以理解我们针对这种常见急慢性损伤患者的诊断方法的依据。我们广泛回顾了诊断评估，包括病史信息和体格检查，以及辅助影像学检查的选项。我们还将进一步讨论复发性不稳定症状患者的鉴别诊断。这也将作为我们研究第二部分的基础，即理解针对这个常见问题的治疗方法的基本原理。
