Tigges M, Iuvone P M, Fernandes A, Sugrue M F, Mallorga P J, Laties A M, Stone R A
Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Optom Vis Sci. 1999 Jun;76(6):397-407. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199906000-00020.
To study a potential role for muscarinic receptors in the inhibition of deprivation-induced excessive axial elongation and myopia in a monkey model.
The right eyes of 20 newborn rhesus monkeys were occluded with a black contact lens. In seven monkeys each, either atropine or pirenzepine was topically applied daily to the occluded eyes. The nonoccluded fellow eyes and both the occluded and nonoccluded fellow eyes of another six monkeys were treated with vehicle solution.
After 33 to 39 weeks, in 5 monkeys of the vehicle group, occluded eyes were longer and the myopic shift significantly greater than in the nonoccluded fellow eyes. In six atropine-treated monkeys, axial length and reduction of the initial hyperopia of occluded and nonoccluded fellow eyes were not different statistically. The myopic shift of the occluded eyes was significantly smaller than in the vehicle-treated occluded eyes. In the pirenzepine-treated group, axial length of the occluded eyes was similar to the nonoccluded eyes of controls and the occluded eyes of atropine-treated monkeys. There was a trend of pirenzepine to reduce the myopic shift of the occluded eye. No effect of atropine or pirenzepine was noted on muscarinic receptor density in retina, brain, or heart, but a small increase was observed in iris + ciliary body.
The drug treatment results implicate muscarinic receptors in postnatal eye growth regulation. Because of interanimal differences our data do not indicate whether nonselective or selective muscarinic blockade is more effective in reducing deprivation-induced myopia.
在猴模型中研究毒蕈碱受体在抑制剥夺性眼轴过度伸长和近视方面的潜在作用。
20只新生恒河猴的右眼用黑色隐形眼镜遮盖。每组7只猴子，分别每天在遮盖眼局部应用阿托品或哌仑西平。另外6只猴子的未遮盖对侧眼以及遮盖眼和未遮盖对侧眼均用赋形剂溶液处理。
33至39周后，在赋形剂组的5只猴子中，遮盖眼眼轴更长，近视性偏移显著大于未遮盖对侧眼。在6只阿托品治疗的猴子中，遮盖眼和未遮盖对侧眼的眼轴长度及初始远视的降低在统计学上无差异。遮盖眼的近视性偏移显著小于赋形剂治疗的遮盖眼。在哌仑西平治疗组中，遮盖眼的眼轴长度与对照组未遮盖眼以及阿托品治疗组的遮盖眼相似。哌仑西平有减少遮盖眼近视性偏移的趋势。未观察到阿托品或哌仑西平对视网膜、脑或心脏中毒蕈碱受体密度有影响，但在虹膜+睫状体中观察到有小幅增加。
药物治疗结果表明毒蕈碱受体参与出生后眼生长调节。由于动物个体差异，我们的数据未表明非选择性或选择性毒蕈碱阻断在减少剥夺性近视方面哪种更有效。
