Richards A
Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 1999 May;52(2):449-63. doi: 10.1080/713755825.
Two experiments are reported that examine the effects of cueing the location of a target in the prime display on interference and subsequent negative priming . The prime and probe displays comprised two words, a target and a distractor. In the prime display, the two words were either the same (response compatible) or different (response incompatible). The target in the probe display was unrelated to the prime distractor (control), the same word as the distractor (ignored repetition), or semantically related to the distractor (ignore semantic repetition). In Experiment 1, cueing the location of the prime target significantly reduced the interference effect but not the subsequent identity negative priming (NP) effect. In contrast, not cueing the prime target resulted in the elimination of the identity NP. There was no evidence of semantic NP in this experiment. In Experiment 2, where a categorization response was required, significant interference was obtained in the prime display that was not influenced by cueing the location of the target. Although there was significant semantic NP, identity NP failed to reach significance. The two experiments were analysed together, and findings are discussed in relation to current models of negative priming.
本文报告了两项实验，研究了在启动显示中提示目标位置对干扰及随后的负启动效应的影响。启动显示和探测显示均包含两个单词，一个目标词和一个干扰词。在启动显示中，这两个单词要么相同（反应兼容），要么不同（反应不兼容）。探测显示中的目标词与启动干扰词无关（控制条件）、与干扰词相同（被忽视重复）或与干扰词语义相关（忽视语义重复）。在实验1中，提示启动目标的位置显著降低了干扰效应，但未降低随后的同一性负启动（NP）效应。相比之下，不提示启动目标则导致同一性NP效应消失。本实验中没有语义NP的证据。在实验2中，要求进行分类反应，在启动显示中获得了显著干扰，且该干扰不受提示目标位置的影响。虽然存在显著的语义NP，但同一性NP未达到显著水平。对这两项实验进行了综合分析，并结合当前的负启动模型对研究结果进行了讨论。
