Charbonneau A, Maheux B, Béland F
Department of Oral Health, University of Montreal, Canada.
AIDS Care. 1999 Feb;11(1):61-70. doi: 10.1080/09540129948207.
This study documents behaviours of people with HIV/AIDS regarding the disclosure of their HIV-positivity when seeking dental care. An anonymous survey was conducted in Québec, Canada, from 1993 to 1995, using a sample of 463 people with HIV/AIDS recruited from different sources. Over 80% of respondents reported having sought dental care since becoming aware of their positivity. Of these, 54% reported having always disclosed their HIV-positivity to dentists, while 25% reported never having disclosed this information to dentists. However, 83% of all respondents preferred that the dentist be aware of their HIV status. Respondents gave reasons related to the sociopathological impact of HIV infection to explain their behaviours. The predictors of disclosure of HIV-positivity to the dentist were: gender, main source of payment for dental care, prior disclosure of HIV status to family members, prior disclosure of HIV status to co-workers, and trust in the maintenance of confidentiality by the dentist. These results emphasize the need to use universal precautions in the dental office and to promote dentist-patient relations free of discrimination, so that people with HIV/AIDS are not reluctant to disclose their health status and are confident that such disclosure will lead to care best adapted to their condition.
本研究记录了感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病者在寻求牙科护理时披露其艾滋病毒阳性状况的行为。1993年至1995年期间，在加拿大魁北克进行了一项匿名调查，样本为从不同来源招募的463名艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者。超过80%的受访者表示，自知道自己呈阳性以来，曾寻求过牙科护理。其中，54%的受访者表示一直向牙医披露自己的艾滋病毒阳性状况，而25%的受访者表示从未向牙医透露过这一信息。然而，83%的受访者希望牙医了解他们的艾滋病毒感染状况。受访者给出了与艾滋病毒感染的社会病理影响相关的理由来解释他们的行为。向牙医披露艾滋病毒阳性状况的预测因素包括：性别、牙科护理的主要支付来源、之前向家庭成员披露艾滋病毒感染状况、之前向同事披露艾滋病毒感染状况，以及对牙医保密的信任。这些结果强调了在牙科诊所使用普遍预防措施以及促进无歧视的医患关系的必要性，以便艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者不会不愿披露自己的健康状况，并相信这种披露将带来最适合其病情的护理。
