Van der Woude H J, Vanderschueren G
Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Radiol Clin North Am. 1999 Jul;37(4):753-66. doi: 10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70127-5.
Ultrasonography allows visualization of musculoskeletal masses that are not confined to the intraosseous compartment and assists in the determination of the consistency of such masses. Making a specific diagnosis using ultrasonography is hampered by the lack of specificity; however, it may be an indicator in guiding diagnostic needle biopsy, especially in large heterogeneous tumors. Color Doppler flow imaging allows visualization of blood flow within solid soft tissue masses. Probably, CDFI features do not assist in differentiation between malignant and benign tumors; however, it has proved to be a useful tool to monitor regression of tumor neovascularity induced by therapy in patients with musculoskeletal sarcoma. When recurrence of a soft tissue sarcoma is clinically suspected, ultrasonography can be used as the initial imaging technique for evaluation. Ultrasonography can also be used in addition to MR imaging when susceptibility artifacts secondary to orthopedic hardware (including prostheses) prevent evaluation of specific areas.
超声检查能够显示不限于骨内间隙的肌肉骨骼肿块，并有助于确定此类肿块的质地。然而，由于缺乏特异性，使用超声检查进行明确诊断存在困难；不过，它可能是指导诊断性穿刺活检的一个指标，尤其是在大型异质性肿瘤中。彩色多普勒血流成像能够显示实体软组织肿块内的血流情况。彩色多普勒血流成像特征可能无助于鉴别恶性和良性肿瘤；然而，事实证明它是监测肌肉骨骼肉瘤患者经治疗后肿瘤新生血管消退情况的有用工具。当临床怀疑软组织肉瘤复发时，超声检查可用作初始评估的影像学技术。当骨科硬件（包括假体）引起的磁敏感伪影妨碍对特定区域进行评估时，超声检查也可与磁共振成像联合使用。
