咀嚼与消化的工程学方法。
Engineering approaches to chewing and digestion.
作者信息
Alexander R M
机构信息
University of Leeds.
出版信息
Sci Prog. 1999;82 ( Pt 2)(2):171-84. doi: 10.1177/003685049908200205.
The guts of people and animals function like industrial chemical plants. They are assemblies of tubes and tanks in which foods are hydrolysed by enzyme-catalysed reactions, or fermented by microorganisms. Raw materials enter at one end, waste matter is voided at the other, and valuable products are abstracted on the way. A mill at the entrance end reduces the raw materials to small fragments, enabling the reactions to proceed faster. This paper shows how ideas from chemical engineering are guiding research on the gut, giving much clearer understanding of how foods respond to chewing, and of how guts are designed to process different foods. We will discuss the teeth as a grinding mill, and the digestive tube as a chain of chemical reactors.
人和动物的肠道就像工业化工厂一样运作。它们是由管道和罐体组成的集合体，食物在其中通过酶催化反应进行水解，或者被微生物发酵。原材料从一端进入，另一端排出废物，有价值的产物在这个过程中被提取出来。入口处的一台研磨机将原材料粉碎成小颗粒，使反应能够更快地进行。本文展示了化学工程的理念如何指导对肠道的研究，让人们更清楚地了解食物在咀嚼时的反应，以及肠道是如何被设计用来处理不同食物的。我们将讨论作为研磨机的牙齿，以及作为化学反应器链条的消化道。
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