Awan A Q, Lewis M A, Postlethwaite R J, Webb N J
Department of Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Pendlebury, UK.
Pediatr Nephrol. 1999 May;13(4):275-7. doi: 10.1007/s004670050607.
Few studies have investigated the incidence of seizures following renal transplantation in childhood. The aim of this study was to determine this incidence and to identify risk factors. Retrospective casenote analysis was carried out on 119 transplants performed in 109 children over 10 years. Twenty-one transplants (in 20 children) were complicated by seizures, the majority of which occurred in the first 55 days after transplantation. Seizures were more common in the 5- to 10-year-old age group (P=0.03), but were no more common in those with a prior history of seizure (P=0.69). Their aetiology was predominantly multifactorial; hypertension (n=15), fever/infection (n=4) and acute allograft rejection (n=6) were commonly identified risk factors; 2 were secondary to intracerebral pathology. Most seizures were short lived, required minimal therapy and had a good long-term neurological outcome. In conclusion, seizures are relatively common following paediatric renal transplantation. Parents are now routinely counselled of this risk.
很少有研究调查儿童肾移植后癫痫发作的发生率。本研究的目的是确定这一发生率并识别风险因素。对10年间109名儿童接受的119例移植手术进行回顾性病例分析。21例移植手术（涉及20名儿童）出现癫痫发作并发症，其中大多数发生在移植后的前55天内。癫痫发作在5至10岁年龄组中更为常见（P = 0.03），但在有癫痫发作史的儿童中并不更常见（P = 0.69）。其病因主要是多因素的；高血压（n = 15）、发热/感染（n = 4）和急性移植肾排斥反应（n = 6）是常见的风险因素；2例继发于脑内病变。大多数癫痫发作持续时间短，所需治疗极少，长期神经学预后良好。总之，小儿肾移植后癫痫发作相对常见。现在已常规向家长告知这一风险。
