Cebral E, Lasserre A, Rettori V, De Gimeno M A
Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO-CONICET), Capital Federal, Argentina.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1999 Jul-Aug;34(4):551-8. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/34.4.551.
The susceptibility of preimplantation stages of embryo development to preconceptional alcohol ingestion by females has had little investigation. We have recently shown that chronic 10% (w/v) ethanol intake by young female mice reduces the ovulatory response and impairs the quality of the oocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 10% ethanol administration for 30 days on immature female mice on the day of in-vitro fertilization (day 1) and on preimplantation embryo development. Female mice were ovulated on days 27 and 29 of ethanol treatment and in-vitro fertilization was performed 16 h post-human chorionic gonadotrophin administration (day 30). The oocytes from the ethanol-treated females inseminated with spermatozoa from control males, showed a significantly higher percentage of parthenogenetic activation compared to the control females. An increased percentage of fragmented oocytes was found after insemination, compared to control females. When the embryos were cultured, the percentage of 2-cell (day 2), 4-cell (day 3) embryos, and compacted morulae (day 4) was significantly reduced in treated females, compared to control females. On day 5, we found a highly significant decreased percentage of early and expanded blastocysts in the ethanol-treated females. The percentage of hatching and hatched (extruded) blastocysts was also reduced significantly in treated females at days 6 and 7 (blastocyst stages). An increased percentage of morphologically abnormal embryos was found on days 5 and 6 in ethanol-treated females compared with controls. We conclude that chronic moderate ethanol ingestion by young female mice results in decreased fertilization, embryo growth retardation, cleavage arrest, and abnormal embryo development in vitro.
胚胎发育植入前阶段对雌性受孕前摄入酒精的易感性鲜有研究。我们最近发现，年轻雌性小鼠长期摄入10%（w/v）乙醇会降低排卵反应并损害卵母细胞质量。本研究的目的是调查在体外受精当天（第1天）对未成熟雌性小鼠给予10%乙醇30天对植入前胚胎发育的影响。在乙醇处理的第27天和第29天对雌性小鼠进行排卵，并在注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素后16小时（第30天）进行体外受精。用对照雄性的精子使经乙醇处理的雌性的卵母细胞受精，与对照雌性相比，孤雌激活的百分比显著更高。与对照雌性相比，受精后发现碎片化卵母细胞的百分比增加。当培养胚胎时，与对照雌性相比，处理过的雌性中2细胞（第2天）、4细胞（第3天）胚胎和致密桑葚胚（第4天）的百分比显著降低。在第5天，我们发现经乙醇处理的雌性中早期和扩张囊胚的百分比显著降低。在第6天和第7天（囊胚阶段），处理过的雌性中孵化和已孵化（挤出）囊胚的百分比也显著降低。与对照组相比，在第5天和第6天发现经乙醇处理的雌性中形态异常胚胎的百分比增加。我们得出结论，年轻雌性小鼠长期适度摄入乙醇会导致体外受精率降低、胚胎生长迟缓、卵裂停滞和胚胎发育异常。
