Murata K, Takahashi M, Furukawa A, Itoh R, Yamasaki M, Sho K, Morita R
Department of Radiology Service, Shiga University Hospital.
Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 1999 Jul;59(8):371-9.
Although many pulmonary infections are diagnosed using chest radiographs in combination with clinical findings and are treated empirically with antibiotics, there are situations in which chemotherapy is not effective and further examinations are necessary. In those cases, CT, especially high-resolution CT (HRCT), can provide additional information about detailed morphological changes of the lung that are sometimes indicative of the causative organisms of pneumonia, such as pulmonary tuberculosis. Although it is true that the same organism can present a wide spectrum of radiological findings, it is also important for differential diagnosis to understand the basic features of pathological changes of the lung and the CT findings caused by each of the various organisms. Such CT information would also be useful in differentiating infectious pneumonia from noninfectious pneumonia. This review article presents the principal CT findings of pulmonary infections and their pathological correlations with various pneumonias, including bacterial, tuberculous, fungal, and viral pneumonias.
尽管许多肺部感染是通过胸部X光片结合临床症状来诊断的，并经验性地使用抗生素进行治疗，但在某些情况下，化疗无效且需要进一步检查。在这些病例中，CT，尤其是高分辨率CT（HRCT），可以提供有关肺部详细形态变化的额外信息，这些变化有时可提示肺炎的病原体，如肺结核。虽然同一病原体确实可呈现广泛的放射学表现，但了解肺部病理变化的基本特征以及各种病原体所致的CT表现对于鉴别诊断也很重要。此类CT信息在区分感染性肺炎与非感染性肺炎方面也很有用。本文综述介绍了肺部感染的主要CT表现及其与各种肺炎（包括细菌性、结核性、真菌性和病毒性肺炎）的病理相关性。
