Familial cryptic translocation between chromosomes 2qter and 8qter: further delineation of the Albright hereditary osteodystrophy-like phenotype.

Recently five patients with an Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO)-like phenotype were reported to have a subtelomeric deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2. These patients showed a striking resemblance to a number of patients from a large pedigree known to us for a long time. After molecular confirmation of a subtelomeric deletion in one patient, FISH analysis was used and a cryptic translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 2 and 8, t(2;8)(q37.3;q24.3), was detected. Remarkably, five proven and 10 probable cases with a 2qter deletion were found in the family, but none with an 8qter deletion. This was not explained by increased fetal loss. The major clinical characteristics of terminal 2q deletion are a short, stocky build, round face, sparse hair, deeply set eyes, bulbous nose, thin vermilion border, brachymetaphalangism, seizures, and developmental delay. A specific behavioural phenotype consisting of periods of hyperkinesia and aggression can develop with age. The overall phenotype is sufficiently characteristic to allow clinical recognition. The cytogenetic and molecular studies did not narrow down the common deleted region. Both testing of additional 2q markers and characterisation of other AHO-like patients with 2q37 microdeletions may help to define the candidate gene region.