Wellings K, Kane R
Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
J R Soc Med. 1999 Jun;92(6):277-82. doi: 10.1177/014107689909200603.
Teenage pregnancy is associated with adverse social and physical outcomes for both mother and child. We drew on various sources--birth and abortion statistics from the Office for National Statistics, data from the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles, and routinely collected data from family planning clinics--to identify trends in England and Wales and their possible determinants. The rate of teenage sexual activity has increased steadily and consistently over the past four decades, whilst the rate of teenage fertility has shown greater variation. When the teenage fertility rate is calculated against the denominator of sexually active women, rather than the total sample of teenage women, the underlying trend in teenage fertility over the past four decades has been downwards, though not consistently so. Fluctuations in the teenage fertility rate seem to track intervention-related factors such as access to, and use of, contraceptive services and the general climate surrounding the sexual health of young people.
青少年怀孕对母亲和孩子都会产生不良的社会和身体后果。我们利用了各种来源的数据——英国国家统计局的出生和堕胎统计数据、全国性态度和生活方式调查的数据，以及计划生育诊所定期收集的数据——来确定英格兰和威尔士的趋势及其可能的决定因素。在过去四十年中，青少年性活动率稳步且持续上升，而青少年生育率则呈现出更大的变化。当以性活跃女性为分母而非青少年女性总样本计算青少年生育率时，过去四十年青少年生育率的潜在趋势一直是下降的，尽管并非始终如此。青少年生育率的波动似乎与干预相关因素有关，如避孕服务的可及性和使用情况，以及围绕年轻人性健康的总体氛围。
