Lagström H, Seppänen R, Jokinen E, Rönnemaa T, Salminen M, Tuominen J, Viikar J, Simell O
Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku, Finland.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1999 Aug;53(8):654-61. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600828.
To analyze food consumption, nutrient intakes and serum cholesterol concentrations of the parents in a child-targeted CHD intervention trial, during which the age of children increased from 7 months to 5 y.
The children were randomized to an intervention group (n = 540) or a control group (n = 522) at six months of age. The intervention families were counseled at 3-6 month intervals to reduce their child's intake of saturated fat and cholesterol. Dietary issues were discussed with the control families only briefly. The parents' food consumption was analyzed by 24 h dietary recall at the child's age of 7 and 13 months and at 2, 3, 4, and 5 y. Nutrient intakes were calculated using the Micro-Nutrica program.
The mothers and fathers of the intervention children used less butter, more margarine and more skim milk than those of the control children (P < 0.001 for all measurements). After the onset of counseling, the intervention mothers consumed continuously less fat (1.4 E% less at the child's age of 5 y), less saturated fat (1.5 E% less at the child's age of 5 y) and more polyunsaturated fat (0.5 E% more at the child's age of 5 y) than the control mothers (P = 0.008, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 for trend, respectively). After the child's age of 13 months the intervention fathers also had a continuously lower fat intake (2.4 E% less at the child's age of 5 y) and consumed less saturated fat (1.5 E% less at the child's age of 5 y) than the control fathers (P < 0.001 for trend for both measurements). The serum cholesterol concentration of the intervention mothers was consistently lower than that of the control mothers during the intervention (at child's age of 5 y 4.86 and 5.09 mmol/L, respectively; P for trend = 0.03), while the values of the intervention and control fathers showed no differences.
Continuous dietary intervention begun in infancy and focused on modification of the child's diet according to the current principles of preventive cardiology, was accompanied by a moderate decrease in the intake of total and saturated fat in the parents, but serum cholesterol concentration diminished consistently only in the mothers of the intervention children.
分析一项针对儿童的冠心病干预试验中父母的食物消费、营养素摄入量和血清胆固醇浓度，该试验期间儿童年龄从7个月增长至5岁。
儿童在6个月大时被随机分为干预组（n = 540）或对照组（n = 522）。干预组家庭每隔3 - 6个月接受一次咨询，以减少其孩子饱和脂肪和胆固醇的摄入量。仅与对照组家庭简要讨论饮食问题。在孩子7个月、13个月大以及2岁、3岁、4岁和5岁时，通过24小时饮食回顾法分析父母的食物消费情况。使用Micro - Nutrica程序计算营养素摄入量。
干预组孩子的母亲和父亲比对照组孩子的父母使用更少的黄油、更多的人造黄油和更多的脱脂牛奶（所有测量值P < 0.001）。在咨询开始后，干预组母亲持续摄入的脂肪量更少（孩子5岁时少1.4能量百分比）、饱和脂肪更少（孩子5岁时少1.5能量百分比）且多不饱和脂肪更多（孩子5岁时多0.5能量百分比），与对照组母亲相比（趋势P值分别为0.008、P < 0.001和P < 0.001）。在孩子13个月大后，干预组父亲的脂肪摄入量也持续较低（孩子5岁时少2.4能量百分比），且饱和脂肪摄入量比对照组父亲少（孩子5岁时少1.5能量百分比）（两项测量趋势P值均 < 0.001）。在干预期间，干预组母亲的血清胆固醇浓度始终低于对照组母亲（孩子5岁时分别为4.86和5.09 mmol/L；趋势P值 = 0.03），而干预组和对照组父亲的值无差异。
始于婴儿期并根据当前预防心脏病学原则针对儿童饮食进行调整的持续饮食干预，伴随着父母总脂肪和饱和脂肪摄入量的适度减少，但血清胆固醇浓度仅在干预组孩子的母亲中持续降低。
