Lin C C, Bai Y M, Chen J Y, Lin C Y, Lan T H
Department of Psychiatry, Yu-Li Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1999 Aug;100(2):158-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10837.x.
This study investigated the incidence of clozapine-associated urinary incontinence (UI) in schizophrenic patients, the percentage of these patients with persistent urinary incontinence (PUI), and the possible factors affecting the occurrence of UI.
A total of 61 Chinese in-patients with schizophrenia (according to DSM-IV) treated with clozapine for more than 3 months were assessed retrospectively for the occurrence of UI. Patients who still had UI at the time of assessment were classified as having PUI. Patients whose UI had resolved at the time of assessment were classified as having self-limited urinary incontinence (SUI). We compared the characteristics of UI and non-UI cases and of PUI and SUI cases.
The results showed that urinary incontinence developed at some time in 27 of 61 patients (44.3%), and that it was persistent in 15 of 61 patients (25%). There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, clozapine dose, duration of clozapine use, duration of index admission, duration of illness, age at onset of schizophrenia, or concurrent treatment with other psychiatric medications between the UI and non-UI groups and between the PUI and SUI groups.
Clozapine-associated urinary incontinence may be persistent in some patients, and it should be cautiously monitored in every patient taking clozapine.
本研究调查了精神分裂症患者中氯氮平相关尿失禁（UI）的发生率、这些持续性尿失禁（PUI）患者的比例以及影响UI发生的可能因素。
回顾性评估了61例接受氯氮平治疗超过3个月的中国住院精神分裂症患者（根据DSM-IV）的UI发生情况。评估时仍有UI的患者被归类为患有PUI。评估时UI已缓解的患者被归类为患有自限性尿失禁（SUI）。我们比较了UI与非UI病例以及PUI与SUI病例的特征。
结果显示，61例患者中有27例（44.3%）在某个时间出现了尿失禁，其中15例（25%）为持续性尿失禁。UI组与非UI组之间以及PUI组与SUI组之间在年龄、性别、氯氮平剂量、氯氮平使用时间、本次住院时间、病程、精神分裂症发病年龄或是否同时使用其他精神科药物方面均无统计学显著差异。
氯氮平相关尿失禁在某些患者中可能是持续性的，对每一位服用氯氮平的患者都应谨慎监测。
