Eriksen L, Aalbaek B, Leifsson P S, Basse A, Christiansen T, Eriksen E, Rimler R B
Department of Clinical Studies, Internal Medicine, The Royal Veterinary and agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 1999 Jun;30(2):285-92.
Four outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida occurred in a population of 1,800 fallow deer (Dama dama) during 1992-1996. A total of 340 fallow deer were submitted for postmortem examination. Pasteurellosis was diagnosed in 273 of 312 deer suspected of having septicemia. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from 257 animals, and the diagnosis was based on typical pathologic changes alone in the other 16 animals. Pasteurella multocida was isolated in pure culture from 219 of 248 samples of cerebrospinal fluid. Eighteen animals were observed moribund with severe depression, foamy nasal discharge, and respiratory distress, and 257 were found dead. Major clinical signs and pathologic changes included extensive swelling of the head and the neck and peracute or acute septic pneumonia, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages on serous membranes, and severely hemorrhagic adrenal glands and abomasum. Rhinitis and necrotic pharyngeal mucosae were common. Histologically, the most advanced lesions were in the nasal mucosa and pharynx. The swelling of the head and the neck arose from a diffuse cellulitis in the subcutaneous and intermuscular tissues. The earliest lesions in the lungs included large numbers of bacteria in the pulmonary capillaries, but various degrees of fibrinous exudation to the alveoli and infiltration with heterophils usually were observed.
1992年至1996年间，在一群1800只黇鹿（黇鹿属）中发生了四起由多杀性巴氏杆菌多杀亚种引起的出血性败血症疫情。共有340只黇鹿被提交进行尸检。在312只疑似患有败血症的鹿中，有273只被诊断为巴氏杆菌病。从257只动物中分离出了多杀性巴氏杆菌，另外16只动物仅根据典型的病理变化进行诊断。从248份脑脊液样本中的219份中纯培养分离出多杀性巴氏杆菌。观察到18只动物濒死，表现为严重抑郁、泡沫状鼻液和呼吸窘迫，257只被发现死亡。主要临床症状和病理变化包括头部和颈部广泛肿胀、超急性或急性败血性肺炎、浆膜上的瘀点和瘀斑出血、严重出血的肾上腺和皱胃。鼻炎和坏死性咽黏膜很常见。组织学上，最严重的病变发生在鼻黏膜和咽部。头部和颈部的肿胀是由皮下和肌间组织的弥漫性蜂窝织炎引起的。肺部最早的病变包括肺毛细血管内大量细菌，但通常观察到不同程度的纤维素渗出到肺泡以及嗜中性粒细胞浸润。
