Hessel A, Geyer M, Plöttner G, Schmidt B, Brähler E
Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychotherapie und Psychosomatische Medizin, Universität Leipzig.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1999 Aug;49(8):264-74.
This study presents selected results from the poll of a representative cross-section of the German population during the Spring of 1996 was subjective data on health and illness investigated, inter alia. The majority of the questioned subjects stated good health with low impairment of their general condition by their general conditions by their health. Compared with data from 1975, people have the impression that their health is in a better state, but, on the other hand, more significantly inparied by their health. East Germans claim a somewhat lower state of health and more impairment than West Germans; the same results were found for women in comparison with men and elderly persons compared with younger subjects. There is no difference between East and West Germans with respect the frequency of disease, but there were more illnesses with a clear morphological correlation reported by East-Germans. West Germans report more functional infirmities or troubles. One of the most striking results was the high frequency of cardiovascular disorders in East Germany. The influence of social support and social status on the subjective assessment of one's own health and subjective morbidity is of only low importance.
本研究展示了1996年春季对德国具有代表性的各阶层人群进行民意调查的部分结果，其中特别调查了有关健康和疾病的主观数据。大多数被调查对象称健康状况良好，总体状况受健康问题的影响较小。与1975年的数据相比，人们觉得自己的健康状况有所改善，但另一方面，健康问题对其的影响更为显著。东德人声称自己的健康状况略低于西德人，且受健康问题的影响更大；女性与男性相比、老年人与年轻人相比也有同样的结果。在疾病发生频率方面，东德人和西德人没有差异，但东德人报告的与明确形态学关联的疾病更多。西德人报告的功能性疾病或不适更多。最显著的结果之一是东德心血管疾病的高发率。社会支持和社会地位对个人健康主观评估和主观发病率的影响不大。
