Buchholz K, Schorr U, Turan S, Sharma A M, Deter H C
Klinik für Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik und Allgemeinmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, FU Berlin.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1999 Aug;49(8):284-9.
Personality traits such as anxiety and anger have long been associated with essential hypertension. However, the results of past studies have been criticised for selection bias, and it has not been clarified whether psychological traits are causes or consequences of high blood pressure. We studied emotional state and trait patterns and reactivity to mental stress in 16 healthy salt-sensitive volunteers at genetic risk of developing hypertension, and a well-matched control group. We have previously reported increased blood pressure reactivity to mental stress in those individuals. In this paper, we present the results of several standardized psychological questionnaires in which salt-sensitive individuals displayed increased anxiety (p < 0.01), emotional irritation (p < 0.01) and a lower level of anger control (p < 0.01). Thus, an elevated level of anxiety and irritation, as well as an increased blood-pressure response to mental stress may play a role in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension.
焦虑和愤怒等人格特质长期以来一直与原发性高血压有关。然而，过去研究的结果因选择偏倚而受到批评，并且心理特质是高血压的原因还是后果尚未明确。我们研究了16名有患高血压遗传风险的健康盐敏感志愿者以及一个匹配良好的对照组的情绪状态、特质模式和对精神压力的反应性。我们之前曾报道过这些个体对精神压力的血压反应性增加。在本文中，我们展示了几份标准化心理问卷的结果，其中盐敏感个体表现出焦虑增加（p < 0.01）、情绪易激惹（p < 0.01）和愤怒控制水平较低（p < 0.01）。因此，焦虑和易激惹水平升高以及对精神压力的血压反应增加可能在盐敏感性高血压的发展中起作用。
